Umbraco-CMS/src/Umbraco.Core/Routing/PublishedRouter.cs

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using Umbraco.Core;
using Umbraco.Core.Configuration.Models;
using Umbraco.Core.Logging;
using Umbraco.Core.Models;
using Umbraco.Core.Models.PublishedContent;
using Umbraco.Core.Services;
using Umbraco.Web.PublishedCache;
using Umbraco.Web.Security;

namespace Umbraco.Web.Routing
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Provides the default <see cref="IPublishedRouter"/> implementation.
    /// </summary>
    public class PublishedRouter : IPublishedRouter
    {
        private readonly WebRoutingSettings _webRoutingSettings;
        private readonly ContentFinderCollection _contentFinders;
        private readonly IContentLastChanceFinder _contentLastChanceFinder;
        private readonly IProfilingLogger _profilingLogger;
        private readonly IVariationContextAccessor _variationContextAccessor;
        private readonly ILogger<PublishedRouter> _logger;
        private readonly IPublishedUrlProvider _publishedUrlProvider;
        private readonly IRequestAccessor _requestAccessor;
        private readonly IPublishedValueFallback _publishedValueFallback;
        private readonly IPublicAccessChecker _publicAccessChecker;
        private readonly IFileService _fileService;
        private readonly IContentTypeService _contentTypeService;
        private readonly IPublicAccessService _publicAccessService;
        private readonly IUmbracoContextAccessor _umbracoContextAccessor;

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="PublishedRouter"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        public PublishedRouter(
            IOptions<WebRoutingSettings> webRoutingSettings,
            ContentFinderCollection contentFinders,
            IContentLastChanceFinder contentLastChanceFinder,
            IVariationContextAccessor variationContextAccessor,
            IProfilingLogger proflog,
            ILogger<PublishedRouter> logger,
            IPublishedUrlProvider publishedUrlProvider,
            IRequestAccessor requestAccessor,
            IPublishedValueFallback publishedValueFallback,
            IPublicAccessChecker publicAccessChecker,
            IFileService fileService,
            IContentTypeService contentTypeService,
            IPublicAccessService publicAccessService,
            IUmbracoContextAccessor umbracoContextAccessor)
        {
            _webRoutingSettings = webRoutingSettings.Value ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(webRoutingSettings));
            _contentFinders = contentFinders ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(contentFinders));
            _contentLastChanceFinder = contentLastChanceFinder ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(contentLastChanceFinder));
            _profilingLogger = proflog ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(proflog));
            _variationContextAccessor = variationContextAccessor ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(variationContextAccessor));
            _logger = logger;
            _publishedUrlProvider = publishedUrlProvider;
            _requestAccessor = requestAccessor;
            _publishedValueFallback = publishedValueFallback;
            _publicAccessChecker = publicAccessChecker;
            _fileService = fileService;
            _contentTypeService = contentTypeService;
            _publicAccessService = publicAccessService;
            _umbracoContextAccessor = umbracoContextAccessor;
        }

        /// <inheritdoc />
        public IPublishedRequestBuilder CreateRequest(Uri uri) => new PublishedRequestBuilder(uri, _fileService);

        /// <inheritdoc />
        public bool TryRouteRequest(IPublishedRequestBuilder request)
        {
            FindDomain(request);

            // TODO: This was ported from v8 but how could it possibly have a redirect here?
            if (request.IsRedirect())
            {
                return false;
            }

            // TODO: This was ported from v8 but how could it possibly have content here?
            if (request.HasPublishedContent())
            {
                return true;
            }

            FindPublishedContent(request);

            return request.Build().Success();
        }

        private void SetVariationContext(string culture)
        {
            var variationContext = _variationContextAccessor.VariationContext;
            if (variationContext != null && variationContext.Culture == culture) return;
            _variationContextAccessor.VariationContext = new VariationContext(culture);
        }

        /// <inheritdoc />
        public IPublishedRequest RouteRequest(IPublishedRequestBuilder request)
        {
            //// trigger the Preparing event - at that point anything can still be changed
            //// the idea is that it is possible to change the uri
            //request.OnPreparing();

            // find domain
            FindDomain(request);

            // if request has been flagged to redirect then return
            // whoever called us is in charge of actually redirecting
            if (request.IsRedirect())
            {
                return request.Build();
            }

            // set the culture on the thread - once, so it's set when running document lookups
            // TODO: Set this on HttpContext!
            Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = request.Culture;
            SetVariationContext(request.Culture.Name);

            // find the published content if it's not assigned. This could be manually assigned with a custom route handler, or
            // with something like EnsurePublishedContentRequestAttribute or UmbracoVirtualNodeRouteHandler. Those in turn call this method
            // to setup the rest of the pipeline but we don't want to run the finders since there's one assigned.
            if (request.PublishedContent == null)
            {
                // find the document & template
                FindPublishedContentAndTemplate(request);
            }

            // handle wildcard domains
            HandleWildcardDomains(request);

            // set the culture on the thread -- again, 'cos it might have changed due to a finder or wildcard domain
            Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = request.Culture;
            SetVariationContext(request.Culture.Name);

            //// trigger the Prepared event - at that point it is still possible to change about anything
            //// even though the request might be flagged for redirection - we'll redirect _after_ the event
            //// also, OnPrepared() will make the PublishedRequest readonly, so nothing can change
            //request.OnPrepared();

            // we don't take care of anything so if the content has changed, it's up to the user
            // to find out the appropriate template

            // complete the PCR and assign the remaining values
            return ConfigureRequest(request);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Called by PrepareRequest once everything has been discovered, resolved and assigned to the PCR. This method
        /// finalizes the PCR with the values assigned.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// Returns false if the request was not successfully configured
        /// </returns>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method logic has been put into it's own method in case developers have created a custom PCR or are assigning their own values
        /// but need to finalize it themselves.
        /// </remarks>
        internal IPublishedRequest ConfigureRequest(IPublishedRequestBuilder frequest)
        {
            if (!frequest.HasPublishedContent())
            {
                return frequest.Build();
            }

            // set the culture on the thread -- again, 'cos it might have changed in the event handler
            // TODO: Set this on HttpContext!
            Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = frequest.Culture;
            SetVariationContext(frequest.Culture.Name);

            return frequest.Build();
        }

        // TODO: This shouldn't be required and should be handled differently during route building
        ///// <inheritdoc />
        //public void UpdateRequestToNotFound(IPublishedRequest request)
        //{
        //    // clear content
        //    var content = request.PublishedContent;
        //    request.PublishedContent = null;

        //    HandlePublishedContent(request); // will go 404
        //    FindTemplate(request);

        //    // if request has been flagged to redirect then return
        //    // whoever called us is in charge of redirecting
        //    if (request.IsRedirect)
        //    {
        //        return;
        //    }

        //    if (request.HasPublishedContent == false)
        //    {
        //        // means the engine could not find a proper document to handle 404
        //        // restore the saved content so we know it exists
        //        request.PublishedContent = content;
        //        return;
        //    }

        //    if (request.HasTemplate == false)
        //    {
        //        // means we may have a document, but we have no template
        //        // at that point there isn't much we can do and there is no point returning
        //        // to Mvc since Mvc can't do much either
        //        return;
        //    }
        //}

        /// <summary>
        /// Finds the site root (if any) matching the http request, and updates the PublishedRequest accordingly.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>A value indicating whether a domain was found.</returns>
        internal bool FindDomain(IPublishedRequestBuilder request)
        {
            const string tracePrefix = "FindDomain: ";

            // note - we are not handling schemes nor ports here.
            _logger.LogDebug("{TracePrefix}Uri={RequestUri}", tracePrefix, request.Uri);

            IDomainCache domainsCache = _umbracoContextAccessor.UmbracoContext.PublishedSnapshot.Domains;
            var domains = domainsCache.GetAll(includeWildcards: false).ToList();

            // determines whether a domain corresponds to a published document, since some
            // domains may exist but on a document that has been unpublished - as a whole - or
            // that is not published for the domain's culture - in which case the domain does
            // not apply
            bool IsPublishedContentDomain(Domain domain)
            {
                // just get it from content cache - optimize there, not here
                IPublishedContent domainDocument = _umbracoContextAccessor.UmbracoContext.PublishedSnapshot.Content.GetById(domain.ContentId);

                // not published - at all
                if (domainDocument == null)
                {
                    return false;
                }

                // invariant - always published
                if (!domainDocument.ContentType.VariesByCulture())
                {
                    return true;
                }

                // variant, ensure that the culture corresponding to the domain's language is published
                return domainDocument.Cultures.ContainsKey(domain.Culture.Name);
            }

            domains = domains.Where(IsPublishedContentDomain).ToList();

            var defaultCulture = domainsCache.DefaultCulture;

            // try to find a domain matching the current request
            DomainAndUri domainAndUri = DomainUtilities.SelectDomain(domains, request.Uri, defaultCulture: defaultCulture);

            // handle domain - always has a contentId and a culture
            if (domainAndUri != null)
            {
                // matching an existing domain
                _logger.LogDebug("{TracePrefix}Matches domain={Domain}, rootId={RootContentId}, culture={Culture}", tracePrefix, domainAndUri.Name, domainAndUri.ContentId, domainAndUri.Culture);

                request
                    .SetDomain(domainAndUri)
                    .SetCulture(domainAndUri.Culture);

                // canonical? not implemented at the moment
                // if (...)
                // {
                //  _pcr.RedirectUrl = "...";
                //  return true;
                // }
            }
            else
            {
                // not matching any existing domain
                _logger.LogDebug("{TracePrefix}Matches no domain", tracePrefix);

                request.SetCulture(defaultCulture == null ? CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture : new CultureInfo(defaultCulture));
            }

            _logger.LogDebug("{TracePrefix}Culture={CultureName}", tracePrefix, request.Culture.Name);

            return request.Domain != null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Looks for wildcard domains in the path and updates <c>Culture</c> accordingly.
        /// </summary>
        internal void HandleWildcardDomains(IPublishedRequestBuilder request)
        {
            const string tracePrefix = "HandleWildcardDomains: ";

            if (request.PublishedContent == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            var nodePath = request.PublishedContent.Path;
            _logger.LogDebug("{TracePrefix}Path={NodePath}", tracePrefix, nodePath);
            var rootNodeId = request.Domain != null ? request.Domain.ContentId : (int?)null;
            Domain domain = DomainUtilities.FindWildcardDomainInPath(_umbracoContextAccessor.UmbracoContext.PublishedSnapshot.Domains.GetAll(true), nodePath, rootNodeId);

            // always has a contentId and a culture
            if (domain != null)
            {
                request.SetCulture(domain.Culture);
                _logger.LogDebug("{TracePrefix}Got domain on node {DomainContentId}, set culture to {CultureName}", tracePrefix, domain.ContentId, request.Culture.Name);
            }
            else
            {
                _logger.LogDebug("{TracePrefix}No match.", tracePrefix);
            }
        }

        internal bool FindTemplateRenderingEngineInDirectory(DirectoryInfo directory, string alias, string[] extensions)
        {
            if (directory == null || directory.Exists == false)
            {
                return false;
            }

            var pos = alias.IndexOf('/');
            if (pos > 0)
            {
                // recurse
                DirectoryInfo subdir = directory.GetDirectories(alias.Substring(0, pos)).FirstOrDefault();
                alias = alias.Substring(pos + 1);
                return subdir != null && FindTemplateRenderingEngineInDirectory(subdir, alias, extensions);
            }

            // look here
            return directory.GetFiles().Any(f => extensions.Any(e => f.Name.InvariantEquals(alias + e)));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Finds the Umbraco document (if any) matching the request, and updates the PublishedRequest accordingly.
        /// </summary>
        private void FindPublishedContentAndTemplate(IPublishedRequestBuilder request)
        {
            _logger.LogDebug("FindPublishedContentAndTemplate: Path={UriAbsolutePath}", request.Uri.AbsolutePath);

            // run the document finders
            FindPublishedContent(request);

            // if request has been flagged to redirect then return
            // whoever called us is in charge of actually redirecting
            // -- do not process anything any further --
            if (request.IsRedirect())
            {
                return;
            }

            var foundContentByFinders = request.HasPublishedContent();

            // not handling umbracoRedirect here but after LookupDocument2
            // so internal redirect, 404, etc has precedence over redirect

            // handle not-found, redirects, access...
            HandlePublishedContent(request);

            // find a template
            FindTemplate(request, foundContentByFinders);

            // handle umbracoRedirect
            FollowExternalRedirect(request);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Tries to find the document matching the request, by running the IPublishedContentFinder instances.
        /// </summary>
        /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException">There is no finder collection.</exception>
        internal void FindPublishedContent(IPublishedRequestBuilder request)
        {
            const string tracePrefix = "FindPublishedContent: ";

            // look for the document
            // the first successful finder, if any, will set this.PublishedContent, and may also set this.Template
            // some finders may implement caching
            using (_profilingLogger.DebugDuration<PublishedRouter>(
                $"{tracePrefix}Begin finders",
                $"{tracePrefix}End finders"))
            {
                // iterate but return on first one that finds it
                var found = _contentFinders.Any(finder =>
                {
                    _logger.LogDebug("Finder {ContentFinderType}", finder.GetType().FullName);
                    return finder.TryFindContent(request);
                });
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Handles the published content (if any).
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Handles "not found", internal redirects, access validation...
        /// things that must be handled in one place because they can create loops
        /// </remarks>
        private void HandlePublishedContent(IPublishedRequestBuilder request)
        {
            // because these might loop, we have to have some sort of infinite loop detection
            int i = 0, j = 0;
            const int maxLoop = 8;
            do
            {
                _logger.LogDebug("HandlePublishedContent: Loop {LoopCounter}", i);

                // handle not found
                if (request.PublishedContent == null)
                {
                    request.SetIs404();
                    _logger.LogDebug("HandlePublishedContent: No document, try last chance lookup");

                    // if it fails then give up, there isn't much more that we can do
                    if (_contentLastChanceFinder.TryFindContent(request) == false)
                    {
                        _logger.LogDebug("HandlePublishedContent: Failed to find a document, give up");
                        break;
                    }

                    _logger.LogDebug("HandlePublishedContent: Found a document");
                }

                // follow internal redirects as long as it's not running out of control ie infinite loop of some sort
                j = 0;
                while (FollowInternalRedirects(request) && j++ < maxLoop)
                { }

                // we're running out of control
                if (j == maxLoop)
                {
                    break;
                }

                // ensure access
                if (request.PublishedContent != null)
                {
                    EnsurePublishedContentAccess(request);
                }

                // loop while we don't have page, ie the redirect or access
                // got us to nowhere and now we need to run the notFoundLookup again
                // as long as it's not running out of control ie infinite loop of some sort
            } while (request.PublishedContent == null && i++ < maxLoop);

            if (i == maxLoop || j == maxLoop)
            {
                _logger.LogDebug("HandlePublishedContent: Looks like we are running into an infinite loop, abort");
                request.SetPublishedContent(null);
            }

            _logger.LogDebug("HandlePublishedContent: End");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Follows internal redirections through the <c>umbracoInternalRedirectId</c> document property.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>A value indicating whether redirection took place and led to a new published document.</returns>
        /// <remarks>
        /// <para>Redirecting to a different site root and/or culture will not pick the new site root nor the new culture.</para>
        /// <para>As per legacy, if the redirect does not work, we just ignore it.</para>
        /// </remarks>
        private bool FollowInternalRedirects(IPublishedRequestBuilder request)
        {
            if (request.PublishedContent == null)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("There is no PublishedContent.");
            }

            // don't try to find a redirect if the property doesn't exist
            if (request.PublishedContent.HasProperty(Constants.Conventions.Content.InternalRedirectId) == false)
            {
                return false;
            }

            var redirect = false;
            var valid = false;
            IPublishedContent internalRedirectNode = null;
            var internalRedirectId = request.PublishedContent.Value(_publishedValueFallback, Constants.Conventions.Content.InternalRedirectId, defaultValue: -1);

            if (internalRedirectId > 0)
            {
                // try and get the redirect node from a legacy integer ID
                valid = true;
                internalRedirectNode = _umbracoContextAccessor.UmbracoContext.Content.GetById(internalRedirectId);
            }
            else
            {
                GuidUdi udiInternalRedirectId = request.PublishedContent.Value<GuidUdi>(_publishedValueFallback, Constants.Conventions.Content.InternalRedirectId);
                if (udiInternalRedirectId != null)
                {
                    // try and get the redirect node from a UDI Guid
                    valid = true;
                    internalRedirectNode = _umbracoContextAccessor.UmbracoContext.Content.GetById(udiInternalRedirectId.Guid);
                }
            }

            if (valid == false)
            {
                // bad redirect - log and display the current page (legacy behavior)
                _logger.LogDebug(
                    "FollowInternalRedirects: Failed to redirect to id={InternalRedirectId}: value is not an int nor a GuidUdi.",
                    request.PublishedContent.GetProperty(Constants.Conventions.Content.InternalRedirectId).GetSourceValue());
            }

            if (internalRedirectNode == null)
            {
                _logger.LogDebug(
                    "FollowInternalRedirects: Failed to redirect to id={InternalRedirectId}: no such published document.",
                    request.PublishedContent.GetProperty(Constants.Conventions.Content.InternalRedirectId).GetSourceValue());
            }
            else if (internalRedirectId == request.PublishedContent.Id)
            {
                // redirect to self
                _logger.LogDebug("FollowInternalRedirects: Redirecting to self, ignore");
            }
            else
            {
                request.SetInternalRedirectPublishedContent(internalRedirectNode); // don't use .PublishedContent here
                redirect = true;
                _logger.LogDebug("FollowInternalRedirects: Redirecting to id={InternalRedirectId}", internalRedirectId);
            }

            return redirect;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Ensures that access to current node is permitted.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>Redirecting to a different site root and/or culture will not pick the new site root nor the new culture.</remarks>
        private void EnsurePublishedContentAccess(IPublishedRequestBuilder request)
        {
            if (request.PublishedContent == null)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("There is no PublishedContent.");
            }

            var path = request.PublishedContent.Path;

            Attempt<PublicAccessEntry> publicAccessAttempt = _publicAccessService.IsProtected(path);

            if (publicAccessAttempt)
            {
                _logger.LogDebug("EnsurePublishedContentAccess: Page is protected, check for access");

                PublicAccessStatus status = _publicAccessChecker.HasMemberAccessToContent(request.PublishedContent.Id);
                switch (status)
                {
                    case PublicAccessStatus.NotLoggedIn:
                        _logger.LogDebug("EnsurePublishedContentAccess: Not logged in, redirect to login page");
                        SetPublishedContentAsOtherPage(request, publicAccessAttempt.Result.LoginNodeId);
                        break;
                    case PublicAccessStatus.AccessDenied:
                        _logger.LogDebug("EnsurePublishedContentAccess: Current member has not access, redirect to error page");
                        SetPublishedContentAsOtherPage(request, publicAccessAttempt.Result.NoAccessNodeId);
                        break;
                    case PublicAccessStatus.LockedOut:
                        _logger.LogDebug("Current member is locked out, redirect to error page");
                        SetPublishedContentAsOtherPage(request, publicAccessAttempt.Result.NoAccessNodeId);
                        break;
                    case PublicAccessStatus.NotApproved:
                        _logger.LogDebug("Current member is unapproved, redirect to error page");
                        SetPublishedContentAsOtherPage(request, publicAccessAttempt.Result.NoAccessNodeId);
                        break;
                    case PublicAccessStatus.AccessAccepted:
                        _logger.LogDebug("Current member has access");
                        break;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                _logger.LogDebug("EnsurePublishedContentAccess: Page is not protected");
            }
        }

        private void SetPublishedContentAsOtherPage(IPublishedRequestBuilder request, int errorPageId)
        {
            if (errorPageId != request.PublishedContent.Id)
            {
                request.SetPublishedContent(_umbracoContextAccessor.UmbracoContext.PublishedSnapshot.Content.GetById(errorPageId));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Finds a template for the current node, if any.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="request">The request builder.</param>
        /// <param name="contentFoundByFinders">If the content was found by the finders, before anything such as 404, redirect... took place.</param>
        private void FindTemplate(IPublishedRequestBuilder request, bool contentFoundByFinders)
        {
            // TODO: We've removed the event, might need to re-add?
            // NOTE: at the moment there is only 1 way to find a template, and then ppl must
            // use the Prepared event to change the template if they wish. Should we also
            // implement an ITemplateFinder logic?
            if (request.PublishedContent == null)
            {
                request.SetTemplate(null);
                return;
            }

            // read the alternate template alias, from querystring, form, cookie or server vars,
            // only if the published content is the initial once, else the alternate template
            // does not apply
            // + optionally, apply the alternate template on internal redirects
            var useAltTemplate = contentFoundByFinders
                || (_webRoutingSettings.InternalRedirectPreservesTemplate && request.IsInternalRedirectPublishedContent);

            var altTemplate = useAltTemplate
                ? _requestAccessor.GetRequestValue(Constants.Conventions.Url.AltTemplate)
                : null;

            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(altTemplate))
            {
                // we don't have an alternate template specified. use the current one if there's one already,
                // which can happen if a content lookup also set the template (LookupByNiceUrlAndTemplate...),
                // else lookup the template id on the document then lookup the template with that id.
                if (request.HasTemplate())
                {
                    _logger.LogDebug("FindTemplate: Has a template already, and no alternate template.");
                    return;
                }

                // TODO: We need to limit altTemplate to only allow templates that are assigned to the current document type!
                // if the template isn't assigned to the document type we should log a warning and return 404
                var templateId = request.PublishedContent.TemplateId;
                ITemplate template = GetTemplate(templateId);
                request.SetTemplate(template);
                _logger.LogDebug("FindTemplate: Running with template id={TemplateId} alias={TemplateAlias}", template.Id, template.Alias);
            }
            else
            {
                // we have an alternate template specified. lookup the template with that alias
                // this means the we override any template that a content lookup might have set
                // so /path/to/page/template1?altTemplate=template2 will use template2

                // ignore if the alias does not match - just trace
                if (request.HasTemplate())
                {
                    _logger.LogDebug("FindTemplate: Has a template already, but also an alternative template.");
                }

                _logger.LogDebug("FindTemplate: Look for alternative template alias={AltTemplate}", altTemplate);

                // IsAllowedTemplate deals both with DisableAlternativeTemplates and ValidateAlternativeTemplates settings
                if (request.PublishedContent.IsAllowedTemplate(
                    _fileService,
                    _contentTypeService,
                    _webRoutingSettings.DisableAlternativeTemplates,
                    _webRoutingSettings.ValidateAlternativeTemplates,
                    altTemplate))
                {
                    // allowed, use
                    ITemplate template = _fileService.GetTemplate(altTemplate);

                    if (template != null)
                    {
                        request.SetTemplate(template);
                        _logger.LogDebug("FindTemplate: Got alternative template id={TemplateId} alias={TemplateAlias}", template.Id, template.Alias);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        _logger.LogDebug("FindTemplate: The alternative template with alias={AltTemplate} does not exist, ignoring.", altTemplate);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    _logger.LogWarning("FindTemplate: Alternative template {TemplateAlias} is not allowed on node {NodeId}, ignoring.", altTemplate, request.PublishedContent.Id);

                    // no allowed, back to default
                    var templateId = request.PublishedContent.TemplateId;
                    ITemplate template = GetTemplate(templateId);
                    request.SetTemplate(template);
                    _logger.LogDebug("FindTemplate: Running with template id={TemplateId} alias={TemplateAlias}", template.Id, template.Alias);
                }
            }

            if (!request.HasTemplate())
            {
                _logger.LogDebug("FindTemplate: No template was found.");

                // initial idea was: if we're not already 404 and UmbracoSettings.HandleMissingTemplateAs404 is true
                // then reset _pcr.Document to null to force a 404.
                //
                // but: because we want to let MVC hijack routes even though no template is defined, we decide that
                // a missing template is OK but the request will then be forwarded to MVC, which will need to take
                // care of everything.
                //
                // so, don't set _pcr.Document to null here
            }
        }

        private ITemplate GetTemplate(int? templateId)
        {
            if (templateId.HasValue == false || templateId.Value == default)
            {
                _logger.LogDebug("GetTemplateModel: No template.");
                return null;
            }

            _logger.LogDebug("GetTemplateModel: Get template id={TemplateId}", templateId);

            if (templateId == null)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("The template is not set, the page cannot render.");
            }

            ITemplate template = _fileService.GetTemplate(templateId.Value);
            if (template == null)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("The template with Id " + templateId + " does not exist, the page cannot render.");
            }

            _logger.LogDebug("GetTemplateModel: Got template id={TemplateId} alias={TemplateAlias}", template.Id, template.Alias);
            return template;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Follows external redirection through <c>umbracoRedirect</c> document property.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>As per legacy, if the redirect does not work, we just ignore it.</remarks>
        private void FollowExternalRedirect(IPublishedRequestBuilder request)
        {
            if (request.PublishedContent == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            // don't try to find a redirect if the property doesn't exist
            if (request.PublishedContent.HasProperty(Constants.Conventions.Content.Redirect) == false)
            {
                return;
            }

            var redirectId = request.PublishedContent.Value(_publishedValueFallback, Constants.Conventions.Content.Redirect, defaultValue: -1);
            var redirectUrl = "#";
            if (redirectId > 0)
            {
                redirectUrl = _publishedUrlProvider.GetUrl(redirectId);
            }
            else
            {
                // might be a UDI instead of an int Id
                GuidUdi redirectUdi = request.PublishedContent.Value<GuidUdi>(_publishedValueFallback, Constants.Conventions.Content.Redirect);
                if (redirectUdi != null)
                {
                    redirectUrl = _publishedUrlProvider.GetUrl(redirectUdi.Guid);
                }
            }

            if (redirectUrl != "#")
            {
                request.SetRedirect(redirectUrl);
            }
        }
    }
}