diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/Content.cs b/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/Content.cs
index 4ead233d6a..708f0ac853 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/Content.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/Content.cs
@@ -306,11 +306,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Models
         public bool Blueprint { get; internal set; }
 
         /// <inheritdoc />
-        public virtual bool PublishAllValues()
+        public virtual bool TryPublishAllValues()
         {
             // the values we want to publish should be valid
             if (ValidateAll().Any())
-                return false;
+                return false; //fixme this should return an attempt with error results
 
             // Name and PublishName are managed by the repository, but Names and PublishNames
             // must be managed here as they depend on the existing / supported variations.
@@ -321,7 +321,8 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Models
             foreach (var (culture, name) in Names)
             {
                 if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
-                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"Cannot publish {culture ?? "invariant"} culture without a name.");
+                    return false; //fixme this should return an attempt with error results
+
                 SetPublishInfos(culture, name, now);
             }
 
@@ -334,14 +335,14 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Models
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc />
-        public virtual bool PublishValues(string culture = null, string segment = null)
+        public virtual bool TryPublishValues(string culture = null, string segment = null)
         {
             // the variation should be supported by the content type
             ContentType.ValidateVariation(culture, segment, throwIfInvalid: true);
 
             // the values we want to publish should be valid
             if (Validate(culture, segment).Any())
-                return false;
+                return false; //fixme this should return an attempt with error results
 
             // Name and PublishName are managed by the repository, but Names and PublishNames
             // must be managed here as they depend on the existing / supported variations.
@@ -349,7 +350,8 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Models
             {
                 var name = GetName(culture);
                 if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
-                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"Cannot publish {culture ?? "invariant"} culture without a name.");
+                    return false; //fixme this should return an attempt with error results
+                
                 SetPublishInfos(culture, name, DateTime.Now);
             }
 
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/ContentExtensions.cs b/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/ContentExtensions.cs
index 0940675346..c0e4214881 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/ContentExtensions.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/ContentExtensions.cs
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Models
         public static bool HasPropertyTypeVaryingByCulture(this IContent content)
         {
             // fixme - what about CultureSegment? what about content.ContentType.Variations?
-            return content.PropertyTypes.Any(x => x.Variations == ContentVariation.CultureNeutral);
+            return content.PropertyTypes.Any(x => x.Variations.Has(ContentVariation.CultureNeutral));
         }
 
         #endregion
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/IContent.cs b/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/IContent.cs
index 25f980a597..2f3fd06f5f 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/IContent.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/IContent.cs
@@ -169,7 +169,8 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Models
         /// <para>The document must then be published via the content service.</para>
         /// <para>Values are not published if they are not valie.</para>
         /// </remarks>
-        bool PublishAllValues();
+        //fixme return an Attempt with some error results if it doesn't work
+        bool TryPublishAllValues();
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Publishes values.
@@ -179,7 +180,8 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Models
         /// <para>The document must then be published via the content service.</para>
         /// <para>Values are not published if they are not valid.</para>
         /// </remarks>
-        bool PublishValues(string culture = null, string segment = null);
+        //fixme return an Attempt with some error results if it doesn't work
+        bool TryPublishValues(string culture = null, string segment = null);
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Publishes the culture/any values.
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Core/Persistence/Repositories/Implement/DocumentRepository.cs b/src/Umbraco.Core/Persistence/Repositories/Implement/DocumentRepository.cs
index e47e8aa33e..76321abe6a 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Core/Persistence/Repositories/Implement/DocumentRepository.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Core/Persistence/Repositories/Implement/DocumentRepository.cs
@@ -341,10 +341,10 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Persistence.Repositories.Implement
                         (editedCultures ?? (editedCultures = new HashSet<string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase))).Add(culture);
 
                 // insert content variations
-                Database.InsertBulk(GetContentVariationDtos(content, publishing));
+                Database.BulkInsertRecords(GetContentVariationDtos(content, publishing));
 
                 // insert document variations
-                Database.InsertBulk(GetDocumentVariationDtos(content, publishing, editedCultures));
+                Database.BulkInsertRecords(GetDocumentVariationDtos(content, publishing, editedCultures));
             }
 
             // refresh content
@@ -501,14 +501,14 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Persistence.Repositories.Implement
                 var deleteDocumentVariations = Sql().Delete<DocumentCultureVariationDto>().Where<DocumentCultureVariationDto>(x => x.NodeId == content.Id);
                 Database.Execute(deleteDocumentVariations);
 
-                // fixme is it OK to use NPoco InsertBulk here, or should we use our own BulkInsertRecords?
+                // fixme is we'd like to use the native NPoco InsertBulk here but it causes problems (not sure exaclty all scenarios) but by using SQL Server and updating a variants name will cause: Unable to cast object of type 'Umbraco.Core.Persistence.FaultHandling.RetryDbConnection' to type 'System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection'.
                 // (same in PersistNewItem above)
 
                 // insert content variations
-                Database.InsertBulk(GetContentVariationDtos(content, publishing));
+                Database.BulkInsertRecords(GetContentVariationDtos(content, publishing));
 
                 // insert document variations
-                Database.InsertBulk(GetDocumentVariationDtos(content, publishing, editedCultures));
+                Database.BulkInsertRecords(GetDocumentVariationDtos(content, publishing, editedCultures));
             }
 
             // refresh content
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Core/Publishing/ScheduledPublisher.cs b/src/Umbraco.Core/Publishing/ScheduledPublisher.cs
index bb09195691..b16cd961f0 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Core/Publishing/ScheduledPublisher.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Core/Publishing/ScheduledPublisher.cs
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Publishing
                 try
                 {
                     d.ReleaseDate = null;
-                    d.PublishValues(); // fixme variants?
+                    d.TryPublishValues(); // fixme variants?
                     var result = _contentService.SaveAndPublish(d, d.GetWriterProfile().Id);
                     _logger.Debug<ContentService>($"Result of publish attempt: {result.Result}");
                     if (result.Success == false)
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Core/Services/Implement/ContentService.cs b/src/Umbraco.Core/Services/Implement/ContentService.cs
index 84e616d4d7..fc37000e13 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Core/Services/Implement/ContentService.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Core/Services/Implement/ContentService.cs
@@ -1070,7 +1070,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Services.Implement
                     try
                     {
                         d.ReleaseDate = null;
-                        d.PublishValues(); // fixme variants?
+                        d.TryPublishValues(); // fixme variants?
                         result = SaveAndPublish(d, d.WriterId);
                         if (result.Success == false)
                             Logger.Error<ContentService>($"Failed to publish document id={d.Id}, reason={result.Result}.");
@@ -1110,7 +1110,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Services.Implement
             bool IsEditing(IContent c, string l, string s)
                 => c.Properties.Any(x => x.Values.Where(y => y.Culture == l && y.Segment == s).Any(y => y.EditedValue != y.PublishedValue));
 
-            return SaveAndPublishBranch(content, force, document => IsEditing(document, culture, segment), document => document.PublishValues(culture, segment), userId);
+            return SaveAndPublishBranch(content, force, document => IsEditing(document, culture, segment), document => document.TryPublishValues(culture, segment), userId);
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc />
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Integration/ContentEventsTests.cs b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Integration/ContentEventsTests.cs
index 502178377e..c87774ba27 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Integration/ContentEventsTests.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Integration/ContentEventsTests.cs
@@ -106,17 +106,17 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         private IContent CreateBranch()
         {
             var content1 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(_contentType, "Content1");
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             // 2 (published)
             // .1 (published)
             // .2 (not published)
             var content2 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(_contentType, "Content2", content1);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             var content21 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(_contentType, "Content21", content2);
-            content21.PublishValues();
+            content21.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content21);
             var content22 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(_contentType, "Content22", content2);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content22);
@@ -135,12 +135,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
             // .1 (published)
             // .2 (not published)
             var content4 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(_contentType, "Content4", content1);
-            content4.PublishValues();
+            content4.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content4);
             content4.Name = "Content4X";
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content4);
             var content41 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(_contentType, "Content41", content4);
-            content41.PublishValues();
+            content41.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content41);
             var content42 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(_contentType, "Content42", content4);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content42);
@@ -149,10 +149,10 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
             // .1 (published)
             // .2 (not published)
             var content5 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(_contentType, "Content5", content1);
-            content5.PublishValues();
+            content5.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content5);
             var content51 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(_contentType, "Content51", content5);
-            content51.PublishValues();
+            content51.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content51);
             var content52 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(_contentType, "Content52", content5);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content52);
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content = ServiceContext.ContentService.GetRootContent().FirstOrDefault();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content = ServiceContext.ContentService.GetRootContent().FirstOrDefault();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content = ServiceContext.ContentService.GetRootContent().FirstOrDefault();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             ResetEvents();
             content.Name = "changed";
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             Assert.AreEqual(2, _msgCount);
@@ -574,12 +574,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content = ServiceContext.ContentService.GetRootContent().FirstOrDefault();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             ResetEvents();
             content.Name = "changed";
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             Assert.AreEqual(2, _msgCount);
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             ResetEvents();
             content.Name = "changed";
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             Assert.AreEqual(2, _msgCount);
@@ -630,12 +630,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content = ServiceContext.ContentService.GetRootContent().FirstOrDefault();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             ResetEvents();
             content.Name = "changed";
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             Assert.AreEqual(2, _msgCount);
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content = ServiceContext.ContentService.GetRootContent().FirstOrDefault();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -680,7 +680,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content = ServiceContext.ContentService.GetRootContent().FirstOrDefault();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             content.Name = "changed";
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content);
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content1);
 
             ResetEvents();
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             Assert.AreEqual(2, _msgCount);
@@ -984,7 +984,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
             var content = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
 
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
             var content = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
 
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.MoveToRecycleBin(content);
 
@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
             var content = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
 
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             content.Properties.First().SetValue("changed");
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content);
@@ -1204,7 +1204,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -1224,7 +1224,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             content.Properties.First().SetValue("changed");
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content);
@@ -1246,11 +1246,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent(content1.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content1);
 
@@ -1332,7 +1332,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
@@ -1354,7 +1354,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             content1.Properties.First().SetValue("changed");
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content1);
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -1402,11 +1402,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             var content3 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content3);
-            content3.PublishValues();
+            content3.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content3);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content2);
 
@@ -1427,11 +1427,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -1451,15 +1451,15 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             var content3 = CreateContent(content2.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content3);
-            content3.PublishValues();
+            content3.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content3);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content2);
 
@@ -1480,13 +1480,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             content1.Properties.First().SetValue("changed");
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -1506,17 +1506,17 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             content1.Properties.First().SetValue("changed");
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             var content3 = CreateContent(content2.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content3);
-            content3.PublishValues();
+            content3.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content3);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content2);
 
@@ -1537,16 +1537,16 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent(content1.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content1);
             var content3 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content3);
-            content3.PublishValues();
+            content3.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content3);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -1566,20 +1566,20 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent(content1.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content1);
             var content3 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content3);
-            content3.PublishValues();
+            content3.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content3);
             var content4 = CreateContent(content3.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content4);
-            content4.PublishValues();
+            content4.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content4);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content3);
 
@@ -1600,18 +1600,18 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent(content1.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             content2.Properties.First().SetValue("changed");
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content2);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content1);
             var content3 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content3);
-            content3.PublishValues();
+            content3.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content3);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -1631,22 +1631,22 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent(content1.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             content2.Properties.First().SetValue("changed");
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content2);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content1);
             var content3 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content3);
-            content3.PublishValues();
+            content3.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content3);
             var content4 = CreateContent(content3.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content4);
-            content4.PublishValues();
+            content4.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content4);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content3);
 
@@ -1667,11 +1667,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent(content1.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content1);
             var content3 = CreateContent();
@@ -1694,11 +1694,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content1 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content1);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             var content2 = CreateContent(content1.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             content2.Properties.First().SetValue("changed");
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content2);
@@ -1778,7 +1778,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -1832,11 +1832,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             var content3 = CreateContent(content2.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content3);
-            content3.PublishValues();
+            content3.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content3);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content2);
 
@@ -1891,7 +1891,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Move(content1, content2.Id);
@@ -2001,11 +2001,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
 
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             var content3 = CreateContent(content2.Id);
             Assert.IsNotNull(content3);
-            content3.PublishValues();
+            content3.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content3);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Unpublish(content2);
 
@@ -2081,7 +2081,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -2101,7 +2101,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             var content2 = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content2);
@@ -2124,7 +2124,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content = CreateBranch();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             ResetEvents();
@@ -2166,17 +2166,17 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
         {
             var content = CreateContent();
             Assert.IsNotNull(content);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             var v1 = content.VersionId;
 
             content.Properties.First().SetValue("changed");
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             var v2 = content.VersionId;
 
             content.Properties.First().SetValue("again");
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             var v3 = content.VersionId;
 
@@ -2210,12 +2210,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Integration
             Assert.IsFalse(content.IsPropertyDirty("Published"));
             Assert.IsFalse(content.WasPropertyDirty("Published"));
 
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             Assert.IsFalse(content.IsPropertyDirty("Published"));
             Assert.IsTrue(content.WasPropertyDirty("Published")); // has just been published
 
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             Assert.IsFalse(content.IsPropertyDirty("Published"));
             Assert.IsFalse(content.WasPropertyDirty("Published")); // was published already
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Models/VariationTests.cs b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Models/VariationTests.cs
index 5bfd3f2de5..0bb1da5cc1 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Models/VariationTests.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Models/VariationTests.cs
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Models
 
             // can publish value
             // and get edited and published values
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             Assert.AreEqual("a", content.GetValue("prop"));
             Assert.AreEqual("a", content.GetValue("prop", published: true));
 
@@ -244,9 +244,9 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Models
 
             // can publish value
             // and get edited and published values
-            Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => content.PublishValues(langFr)); // no name
+            Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => content.TryPublishValues(langFr)); // no name
             content.SetName(langFr, "name-fr");
-            content.PublishValues(langFr);
+            content.TryPublishValues(langFr);
             Assert.AreEqual("b", content.GetValue("prop"));
             Assert.IsNull(content.GetValue("prop", published: true));
             Assert.AreEqual("c", content.GetValue("prop", langFr));
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Models
             Assert.IsNull(content.GetValue("prop", langFr, published: true));
 
             // can publish all
-            content.PublishAllValues();
+            content.TryPublishAllValues();
             Assert.AreEqual("b", content.GetValue("prop"));
             Assert.AreEqual("b", content.GetValue("prop", published: true));
             Assert.AreEqual("c", content.GetValue("prop", langFr));
@@ -322,12 +322,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Models
             content.SetValue("prop", "a-es", langEs);
 
             // cannot publish without a name
-            Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => content.PublishValues(langFr));
+            Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => content.TryPublishValues(langFr));
 
             // works with a name
             // and then FR is available, and published
             content.SetName(langFr, "name-fr");
-            content.PublishValues(langFr);
+            content.TryPublishValues(langFr);
 
             // now UK is available too
             content.SetName(langUk, "name-uk");
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Persistence/NPocoTests/PetaPocoCachesTest.cs b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Persistence/NPocoTests/PetaPocoCachesTest.cs
index 3bc419ea95..0afc581f83 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Persistence/NPocoTests/PetaPocoCachesTest.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Persistence/NPocoTests/PetaPocoCachesTest.cs
@@ -187,13 +187,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Persistence.NPocoTests
             contentTypeService.Save(contentType);
             var content1 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 1", -1);
             content1.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             id2 = content1.Id;
 
             var content2 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 2", -1);
             content2.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
             id3 = content2.Id;
 
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Persistence/Repositories/ContentRepositoryTest.cs b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Persistence/Repositories/ContentRepositoryTest.cs
index f01c59df03..caa2453aed 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Persistence/Repositories/ContentRepositoryTest.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Persistence/Repositories/ContentRepositoryTest.cs
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Persistence.Repositories
 
                 // publish = new edit version
                 content1.SetValue("title", "title");
-                ((Content) content1).PublishValues();
+                ((Content) content1).TryPublishValues();
                 ((Content) content1).PublishedState = PublishedState.Publishing;
                 repository.Save(content1);
                 
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Persistence.Repositories
                 Assert.AreEqual(false, scope.Database.ExecuteScalar<bool>($"SELECT published FROM {Constants.DatabaseSchema.Tables.Document} WHERE nodeId=@id", new { id = content1.Id }));
 
                 // publish = version
-                ((Content) content1).PublishValues();
+                ((Content) content1).TryPublishValues();
                 ((Content) content1).PublishedState = PublishedState.Publishing;
                 repository.Save(content1);
                 
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Persistence.Repositories
                 // publish = new version
                 content1.Name = "name-4";
                 content1.SetValue("title", "title-4");
-                ((Content) content1).PublishValues();
+                ((Content) content1).TryPublishValues();
                 ((Content) content1).PublishedState = PublishedState.Publishing;
                 repository.Save(content1);
                 
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Persistence.Repositories
                 // publish them all
                 foreach (var content in result)
                 {
-                    content.PublishValues();
+                    content.TryPublishValues();
                     repository.Save(content);
                 }
                 
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Scoping/ScopedNuCacheTests.cs b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Scoping/ScopedNuCacheTests.cs
index bb3b41d128..06c13b2733 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Scoping/ScopedNuCacheTests.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Scoping/ScopedNuCacheTests.cs
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Scoping
 
             using (var scope = ScopeProvider.CreateScope())
             {
-                item.PublishValues();
+                item.TryPublishValues();
                 Current.Services.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(item);
                 scope.Complete();
             }
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Scoping
             using (var scope = ScopeProvider.CreateScope())
             {
                 item.Name = "changed";
-                item.PublishValues();
+                item.TryPublishValues();
                 Current.Services.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(item);
 
                 if (complete)
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Scoping/ScopedXmlTests.cs b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Scoping/ScopedXmlTests.cs
index 258056f198..899d2f999e 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Scoping/ScopedXmlTests.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Scoping/ScopedXmlTests.cs
@@ -123,10 +123,10 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Scoping
 
             using (var scope = ScopeProvider.CreateScope())
             {
-                item.PublishValues();
+                item.TryPublishValues();
                 Current.Services.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(item); // should create an xml clone
                 item.Name = "changed";
-                item.PublishValues();
+                item.TryPublishValues();
                 Current.Services.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(item); // should re-use the xml clone
 
                 // this should never change
@@ -230,13 +230,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Scoping
 
             using (var scope = ScopeProvider.CreateScope())
             {
-                item.PublishValues();
+                item.TryPublishValues();
                 Current.Services.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(item);
 
                 for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
                 {
                     var temp = new Content("content_" + i, -1, contentType);
-                    temp.PublishValues();
+                    temp.TryPublishValues();
                     Current.Services.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(temp);
                     ids[i] = temp.Id;
                 }
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/ContentServiceTests.cs b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/ContentServiceTests.cs
index c45d9be5f3..8bb5f1bc9e 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/ContentServiceTests.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/ContentServiceTests.cs
@@ -182,16 +182,16 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
         {
             var contentService = ServiceContext.ContentService;
             var root = ServiceContext.ContentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 1);
-            root.PublishValues();
+            root.TryPublishValues();
             Assert.IsTrue(contentService.SaveAndPublish(root).Success);
             var content = contentService.CreateAndSave("Test", -1, "umbTextpage", 0);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             Assert.IsTrue(contentService.SaveAndPublish(content).Success);
             var hierarchy = CreateContentHierarchy().OrderBy(x => x.Level).ToArray();
             contentService.Save(hierarchy, 0);
             foreach (var c in hierarchy)
             {
-                c.PublishValues();
+                c.TryPublishValues();
                 Assert.IsTrue(contentService.SaveAndPublish(c).Success);
             }
 
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
 
             // Assert
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             Assert.IsTrue(contentService.SaveAndPublish(content).Success);
         }
 
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             for (var i = 0; i < 20; i++)
             {
                 content.SetValue("bodyText", "hello world " + Guid.NewGuid());
-                content.PublishValues();
+                content.TryPublishValues();
                 contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             }
 
@@ -395,12 +395,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             var content1 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 1", -1);
             content1.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags", "plus" });
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             var content2 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 2", -1);
             content2.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             // verify
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             allTags = tagService.GetAllContentTags();
             Assert.AreEqual(4, allTags.Count());
 
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             Assert.IsTrue(content1.Published);
@@ -466,12 +466,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             var content1 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 1", -1);
             content1.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags", "bam" });
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             var content2 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 2", -1);
             content2.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             // verify
@@ -507,9 +507,9 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             allTags = tagService.GetAllContentTags();
             Assert.AreEqual(0, allTags.Count());
 
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             // tags are back
@@ -538,12 +538,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             var content1 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 1", -1);
             content1.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags", "plus" });
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             var content2 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 2", content1.Id);
             content2.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             // verify
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             allTags = tagService.GetAllContentTags();
             Assert.AreEqual(0, allTags.Count());
 
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             Assert.IsTrue(content1.Published);
@@ -616,12 +616,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             var content1 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 1", -1);
             content1.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags", "bam" });
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             var content2 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 2", -1);
             content2.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             contentService.Unpublish(content1);
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             var allTags = tagService.GetAllContentTags();
             Assert.AreEqual(0, allTags.Count());
 
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             tags = tagService.GetTagsForEntity(content2.Id);
@@ -663,12 +663,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             var content1 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 1", -1);
             content1.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags", "bam" });
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             var content2 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 2", content1);
             content2.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             contentService.Unpublish(content1);
@@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             var allTags = tagService.GetAllContentTags();
             Assert.AreEqual(0, allTags.Count());
 
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             tags = tagService.GetTagsForEntity(content2.Id);
@@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             // create a content with tags and publish
             var content = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content", -1);
             content.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // edit tags and save
@@ -808,7 +808,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             // Act
             content.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // Assert
@@ -839,12 +839,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             contentTypeService.Save(contentType);
             var content = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content", -1);
             content.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // Act
             content.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "another", "world" }, merge: true);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // Assert
@@ -875,12 +875,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             contentTypeService.Save(contentType);
             var content = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content", -1);
             content.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "hello", "world", "some", "tags" });
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // Act
             content.RemoveTags("tags", new[] { "some", "world" });
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // Assert
@@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             var parent = ServiceContext.ContentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 2);
             Assert.IsFalse(parent.Published);
-            parent.PublishValues();
+            parent.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(parent); // publishing parent, so Text Page 2 can be updated.
 
             var content = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 4);
@@ -1076,7 +1076,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             content.Name = "Text Page 2 Updated";
             content.SetValue("author", "Jane Doe");
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content); // publishes the current version, creates a version
 
             var version2 = content.VersionId;
@@ -1084,7 +1084,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             content.Name = "Text Page 2 ReUpdated";
             content.SetValue("author", "Bob Hope");
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content); // publishes again, creates a version
 
             var version3 = content.VersionId;
@@ -1151,11 +1151,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             // Arrange
             var contentService = ServiceContext.ContentService;
             var root = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 2);
-            root.PublishValues();
+            root.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(root);
             var content = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 4);
             content.ExpireDate = DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(1);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // Act
@@ -1205,7 +1205,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             // Arrange
             var contentService = ServiceContext.ContentService;
             var content = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 2);
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             var published = contentService.SaveAndPublish(content, 0);
 
             using (var scope = ScopeProvider.CreateScope())
@@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             var content = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 2);
 
             // Act
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             var published = contentService.SaveAndPublish(content, 0);
 
             // Assert
@@ -1249,7 +1249,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             // Arrange
             var contentService = ServiceContext.ContentService;
             var parent = contentService.Create("parent", -1, "umbTextpage");
-            parent.PublishValues();
+            parent.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(parent);
             var content = contentService.Create("child", parent, "umbTextpage");
             contentService.Save(content);
@@ -1275,7 +1275,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
                 Assert.AreEqual("Home", content.Name);
 
                 content.Name = "foo";
-                content.PublishValues();
+                content.TryPublishValues();
                 var published = contentService.SaveAndPublish(content, 0);
 
                 Assert.That(published.Success, Is.True);
@@ -1316,7 +1316,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             var parent = contentService.GetById(parentId);
 
-            var parentCanPublishValues = parent.PublishValues();
+            var parentCanPublishValues = parent.TryPublishValues();
             var parentPublished = contentService.SaveAndPublish(parent);
 
             // parent can publish values
@@ -1325,7 +1325,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             Assert.IsTrue(parentPublished.Success);
             Assert.IsTrue(parent.Published);
 
-            var contentCanPublishValues = content.PublishValues();
+            var contentCanPublishValues = content.TryPublishValues();
             var contentPublished = contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // content cannot publish values because they are invalid
@@ -1401,11 +1401,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             contentService.Save(content);
 
             var parent = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 2);
-            parent.PublishValues();
+            parent.TryPublishValues();
             var parentPublished = contentService.SaveAndPublish(parent, 0);//Publish root Home node to enable publishing of 'NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 3'
 
             // Act
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             var published = contentService.SaveAndPublish(content, 0);
 
             // Assert
@@ -1424,11 +1424,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             contentService.Save(content, 0);
 
             var parent = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 2);
-            parent.PublishValues();
+            parent.TryPublishValues();
             var parentPublished = contentService.SaveAndPublish(parent, 0);//Publish root Home node to enable publishing of 'NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 3'
 
             // Act
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             var published = contentService.SaveAndPublish(content, 0);
 
             // Assert
@@ -1461,7 +1461,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             var content = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 5);
 
             // Act
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             var published = contentService.SaveAndPublish(content, 0);
 
             // Assert
@@ -1479,7 +1479,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             content.SetValue("author", "Barack Obama");
 
             // Act
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             var published = contentService.SaveAndPublish(content, 0);
 
             // Assert
@@ -1504,14 +1504,14 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             content.SetValue("author", "Barack Obama");
 
             // Act
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             var published = contentService.SaveAndPublish(content, 0);
             var childContent = contentService.Create("Child", content.Id, "umbTextpage", 0);
             // Reset all identity properties
             childContent.Id = 0;
             childContent.Path = null;
             ((Content)childContent).ResetIdentity();
-            childContent.PublishValues();
+            childContent.TryPublishValues();
             var childPublished = contentService.SaveAndPublish(childContent, 0);
 
             // Assert
@@ -1530,12 +1530,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             var contentService = ServiceContext.ContentService;
 
             var root = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 2);
-            root.PublishValues();
+            root.TryPublishValues();
             var rootPublished = contentService.SaveAndPublish(root);
 
             var content = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 4);
             content.Properties["title"].SetValue(content.Properties["title"].GetValue() + " Published");
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             var contentPublished = contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             var publishedVersion = content.VersionId;
 
@@ -1835,13 +1835,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             content1.PropertyValues(obj);
             content1.ResetDirtyProperties(false);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content1, 0);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             Assert.IsTrue(ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content1, 0).Success);
             var content2 = MockedContent.CreateBasicContent(contentType);
             content2.PropertyValues(obj);
             content2.ResetDirtyProperties(false);
             ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(content2, 0);
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             Assert.IsTrue(ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content2, 0).Success);
 
             var editorGroup = ServiceContext.UserService.GetUserGroupByAlias("editor");
@@ -1999,7 +1999,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             Assert.AreEqual(0, contentTags.Length);
 
             // publish
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // now tags have been set (published)
@@ -2016,7 +2016,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             Assert.AreEqual(0, copiedTags.Length);
 
             // publish
-            copy.PublishValues();
+            copy.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(copy);
 
             // now tags have been set (published)
@@ -2035,7 +2035,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             var parent = ServiceContext.ContentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 2);
             Assert.IsFalse(parent.Published);
-            parent.PublishValues();
+            parent.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(parent); // publishing parent, so Text Page 2 can be updated.
 
             var content = contentService.GetById(NodeDto.NodeIdSeed + 4);
@@ -2052,7 +2052,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             // non published = edited
             Assert.IsTrue(content.Edited);
 
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content); // new version
             var version2 = content.VersionId;
             Assert.AreNotEqual(version1, version2);
@@ -2077,7 +2077,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             content.Name = "Text Page 2 ReReUpdated";
 
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content); // new version
             var version3 = content.VersionId;
             Assert.AreNotEqual(version2, version3);
@@ -2133,7 +2133,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             content = contentService.GetById(content.Id);
             Assert.AreEqual("Text Page 2 ReReUpdated", content.Name);
             Assert.AreEqual("Jane Doe", content.GetValue<string>("author"));
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
             Assert.IsFalse(content.Edited);
             content.Name = "Xxx";
@@ -2251,7 +2251,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
                 Assert.IsFalse(scope.Database.Exists<ContentXmlDto>(content.Id));
             }
 
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             using (var scope = ScopeProvider.CreateScope())
@@ -2393,7 +2393,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             // becomes Published, !Edited
             // creates a new version
             // can get published property values
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             Assert.IsTrue(content.Published);
@@ -2548,8 +2548,8 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             // act
 
-            content.PublishValues(langFr.IsoCode);
-            content.PublishValues(langUk.IsoCode);
+            content.TryPublishValues(langFr.IsoCode);
+            content.TryPublishValues(langUk.IsoCode);
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // both FR and UK have been published,
@@ -2591,7 +2591,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             // act
 
-            content.PublishValues();
+            content.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             // now it has publish name for invariant neutral
@@ -2780,7 +2780,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             // act
 
-            content.PublishValues(langUk.IsoCode);
+            content.TryPublishValues(langUk.IsoCode);
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
 
             content2 = contentService.GetById(content.Id);
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/ContentTypeServiceTests.cs b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/ContentTypeServiceTests.cs
index 1944516164..c9f8ba52ad 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/ContentTypeServiceTests.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/ContentTypeServiceTests.cs
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
                     var contentType = contentTypes[index];
                     var contentItem = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "MyName_" + index + "_" + i, parentId);
                     ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(contentItem);
-                    contentItem.PublishValues();
+                    contentItem.TryPublishValues();
                     ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(contentItem);
                     parentId = contentItem.Id;
 
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
                         var contentType = contentTypes[index];
                         var contentItem = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "MyName_" + index + "_" + i, parentId);
                         ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(contentItem);
-                        contentItem.PublishValues();
+                        contentItem.TryPublishValues();
                         ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(contentItem);
                         parentId = contentItem.Id;
                     }
@@ -225,19 +225,19 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
                 var root = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType1, "Root", -1);
                 ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(root);
-                root.PublishValues();
+                root.TryPublishValues();
                 ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(root);
 
                 var level1 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType2, "L1", root.Id);
                 ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(level1);
-                level1.PublishValues();
+                level1.TryPublishValues();
                 ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(level1);
 
                 for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
                 {
                     var level3 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType3, "L2" + i, level1.Id);
                     ServiceContext.ContentService.Save(level3);
-                    level3.PublishValues();
+                    level3.TryPublishValues();
                     ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(level3);
                 }
 
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             ServiceContext.FileService.SaveTemplate(contentType1.DefaultTemplate);
             ServiceContext.ContentTypeService.Save(contentType1);
             IContent contentItem = MockedContent.CreateTextpageContent(contentType1, "Testing", -1);
-            contentItem.PublishValues();
+            contentItem.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(contentItem);
             var initProps = contentItem.Properties.Count;
             var initPropTypes = contentItem.PropertyTypes.Count();
@@ -297,14 +297,14 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             var contentItems1 = MockedContent.CreateTextpageContent(contentType1, -1, 10).ToArray();
             foreach (var x in contentItems1)
             {
-                x.PublishValues();
+                x.TryPublishValues();
                 ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(x);
             }
 
             var contentItems2 = MockedContent.CreateTextpageContent(contentType2, -1, 5).ToArray();
             foreach (var x in contentItems2)
             {
-                x.PublishValues();
+                x.TryPublishValues();
                 ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(x);
             }
 
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             var contentItems1 = MockedContent.CreateTextpageContent(contentType1, -1, 10).ToArray();
             foreach (var x in contentItems1)
             {
-                x.PublishValues();
+                x.TryPublishValues();
                 ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(x);
             }
             var alias = contentType1.PropertyTypes.First().Alias;
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             // Act
             var homeDoc = cs.Create("Home Page", -1, contentTypeAlias);
-            homeDoc.PublishValues();
+            homeDoc.TryPublishValues();
             cs.SaveAndPublish(homeDoc);
 
             // Assert
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/PerformanceTests.cs b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/PerformanceTests.cs
index b157eb669d..dd84c49ef0 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/PerformanceTests.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/PerformanceTests.cs
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
             var result = new List<IContent>();
             ServiceContext.ContentTypeService.Save(contentType1);
             IContent lastParent = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType1);
-            lastParent.PublishValues();
+            lastParent.TryPublishValues();
             ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(lastParent);
             result.Add(lastParent);
             //create 20 deep
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
                     //only publish evens
                     if (j % 2 == 0)
                     {
-                        content.PublishValues();
+                        content.TryPublishValues();
                         ServiceContext.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content);
                     }
                     else
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/TagServiceTests.cs b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/TagServiceTests.cs
index 0db27e9f4c..c24c729bf8 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/TagServiceTests.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Tests/Services/TagServiceTests.cs
@@ -36,21 +36,21 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             IContent content1 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 1", -1);
             content1.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "cow", "pig", "goat" });
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             // change
             content1.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "elephant" }, true);
             content1.RemoveTags("tags", new[] { "cow" });
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             // more changes
             content1.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "mouse" }, true);
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
             content1.RemoveTags("tags", new[] { "mouse" });
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             // get it back
@@ -88,17 +88,17 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Services
 
             var content1 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 1", -1);
             content1.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "cow", "pig", "goat" });
-            content1.PublishValues();
+            content1.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content1);
 
             var content2 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 2", -1);
             content2.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "cow", "pig" });
-            content2.PublishValues();
+            content2.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content2);
 
             var content3 = MockedContent.CreateSimpleContent(contentType, "Tagged content 3", -1);
             content3.AssignTags("tags", new[] { "cow" });
-            content3.PublishValues();
+            content3.TryPublishValues();
             contentService.SaveAndPublish(content3);
 
             // Act
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Web/Editors/ContentController.cs b/src/Umbraco.Web/Editors/ContentController.cs
index 6ce5f049e8..3612ee8847 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Web/Editors/ContentController.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Web/Editors/ContentController.cs
@@ -643,22 +643,22 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Editors
             else
             {
                 //publish the item and check if it worked, if not we will show a diff msg below
-                contentItem.PersistedContent.PublishValues(GetLanguageCulture(contentItem.LanguageId)); //we are not checking for a return value here because we've alraedy pre-validated the property values
+                contentItem.PersistedContent.TryPublishValues(GetLanguageCulture(contentItem.LanguageId)); //we are not checking for a return value here because we've already pre-validated the property values
 
                 //check if we are publishing other variants and validate them
-                var allLangs = Services.LocalizationService.GetAllLanguages().ToList();
+                var allLangs = Services.LocalizationService.GetAllLanguages().ToDictionary(x => x.Id, x => x);
                 var variantsToValidate = contentItem.PublishVariations.Where(x => x.LanguageId != contentItem.LanguageId).ToList();
                 foreach (var publishVariation in variantsToValidate)
                 {
-                    if (!contentItem.PersistedContent.PublishValues(GetLanguageCulture(publishVariation.LanguageId)))
+                    if (!contentItem.PersistedContent.TryPublishValues(GetLanguageCulture(publishVariation.LanguageId)))
                     {
-                        var errMsg = Services.TextService.Localize("speechBubbles/contentLangValidationError", new[]{allLangs.First(x => x.Id == publishVariation.LanguageId).CultureName});
+                        var errMsg = Services.TextService.Localize("speechBubbles/contentLangValidationError", new[] {allLangs[publishVariation.LanguageId].CultureName});
                         ModelState.AddModelError("publish_variant_" + publishVariation.LanguageId + "_", errMsg);
                     }
                 }
 
                 //validate any mandatory variants that are not in the list
-                var mandatoryLangs = Mapper.Map<IEnumerable<ILanguage>, IEnumerable<Language>>(allLangs)
+                var mandatoryLangs = Mapper.Map<IEnumerable<ILanguage>, IEnumerable<Language>>(allLangs.Values)
                     .Where(x => variantsToValidate.All(v => v.LanguageId != x.Id)) //don't include variants above
                     .Where(x => x.Id != contentItem.LanguageId) //don't include the current variant
                     .Where(x => x.Mandatory);
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Editors
                 {
                     if (contentItem.PersistedContent.Validate(GetLanguageCulture(lang.Id)).Length > 0)
                     {
-                        var errMsg = Services.TextService.Localize("speechBubbles/contentReqLangValidationError", new[]{allLangs.First(x => x.Id == lang.Id).CultureName});
+                        var errMsg = Services.TextService.Localize("speechBubbles/contentReqLangValidationError", new[]{allLangs[lang.Id].CultureName});
                         ModelState.AddModelError("publish_variant_" + lang.Id + "_", errMsg);
                     }
                 }
@@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Editors
                 return HandleContentNotFound(id, false);
             }
 
-            foundContent.PublishValues(); // fixme variants?
+            foundContent.TryPublishValues(); // fixme variants?
             var publishResult = Services.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(foundContent, Security.GetUserId().ResultOr(0));
             if (publishResult.Success == false)
             {
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Web/Models/Mapping/ContentItemDisplayNameResolver.cs b/src/Umbraco.Web/Models/Mapping/ContentItemDisplayNameResolver.cs
index 41383764bb..2e8155e1a7 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Web/Models/Mapping/ContentItemDisplayNameResolver.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Web/Models/Mapping/ContentItemDisplayNameResolver.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using AutoMapper;
+using Umbraco.Core;
 using Umbraco.Core.Models;
 using Umbraco.Web.Models.ContentEditing;
 using ContentVariation = Umbraco.Core.Models.ContentVariation;
@@ -13,7 +14,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Models.Mapping
         public string Resolve(IContent source, ContentItemDisplay destination, string destMember, ResolutionContext context)
         {
             var culture = context.GetCulture();
-            return source.GetName(culture);
+            if (culture != null && source.ContentType.Variations.Has(ContentVariation.CultureNeutral))
+            {
+                //return the culture name being requested
+                return source.GetName(culture);
+            }
+            return source.Name;
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Umbraco.Web/WebServices/BulkPublishController.cs b/src/Umbraco.Web/WebServices/BulkPublishController.cs
index daea5cc58f..714c1ac0db 100644
--- a/src/Umbraco.Web/WebServices/BulkPublishController.cs
+++ b/src/Umbraco.Web/WebServices/BulkPublishController.cs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.WebServices
 
             if (publishDescendants == false)
             {
-                content.PublishValues(); // fixme variants? validation - when this returns null?
+                content.TryPublishValues(); // fixme variants? validation - when this returns null?
                 var result = Services.ContentService.SaveAndPublish(content, Security.CurrentUser.Id);
                 return Json(new
                     {