Merge branch 'netcore/dev' into netcore/feature/untangle-membership

# Conflicts:
#	src/Umbraco.Web/Runtime/WebInitialComposer.cs

src/Umbraco.Configuration/ConfigsFactory.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System.Configuration;
+using Umbraco.Configuration;
 using Umbraco.Core.Configuration.HealthChecks;
 using Umbraco.Core.Configuration.UmbracoSettings;
 using Umbraco.Core.IO;
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Configuration
         public IHostingSettings HostingSettings { get; } = new HostingSettings();
 
         public ICoreDebug CoreDebug { get; } = new CoreDebug();
+        public IMachineKeyConfig MachineKeyConfig { get; } = new MachineKeyConfig();
 
         public IUmbracoSettingsSection UmbracoSettings { get; }
 
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Configuration
             configs.AddPasswordConfigurations();
 
             configs.Add(() => CoreDebug);
+            configs.Add(() => MachineKeyConfig);
             configs.Add<IConnectionStrings>(() => new ConnectionStrings(ioHelper));
             configs.AddCoreConfigs(ioHelper);
             return configs;

src/Umbraco.Configuration/MachineKeyConfig.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+using System.Configuration;
+using Umbraco.Core.Configuration;
+
+namespace Umbraco.Configuration
+{
+    public class MachineKeyConfig : IMachineKeyConfig
+    {
+        //TODO all the machineKey stuff should be replaced: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/security/data-protection/compatibility/replacing-machinekey?view=aspnetcore-3.1
+
+        public bool HasMachineKey
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                var machineKeySection =
+                    ConfigurationManager.GetSection("system.web/machineKey") as ConfigurationSection;
+                return !(machineKeySection?.ElementInformation?.Source is null);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Umbraco.Core/Cache/MacroCacheRefresher.cs

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Cache
                 {
                     macroRepoCache.Result.Clear(RepositoryCacheKeys.GetKey<IMacro>(payload.Id));
                 }
-            };
+            }
 
             base.Refresh(json);
         }

src/Umbraco.Core/Collections/TopoGraph.cs

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Collections
                 if (_items.TryGetValue(key, out value))
                     yield return value;
                 else if (throwOnMissing)
-                    throw new Exception(MissingDependencyError);
+                    throw new Exception($"{MissingDependencyError} Error in type {typeof(TItem).Name}, with key {key}");
             }
         }
     }

src/Umbraco.Core/Composing/CollectionBuilderBase.cs

@@ -79,9 +79,12 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Composing
                 foreach (var type in types)
                     EnsureType(type, "register");
 
-                // register them
+                // register them - ensuring that each item is registered with the same lifetime as the collection.
+                // NOTE: Previously each one was not registered with the same lifetime which would mean that if there
+                // was a dependency on an individual item, it would resolve a brand new transient instance which isn't what
+                // we would expect to happen. The same item should be resolved from the container as the collection.
                 foreach (var type in types)
-                    register.Register(type);
+                    register.Register(type, CollectionLifetime);
 
                 _registeredTypes = types;
             }

src/Umbraco.Core/Configuration/IMachineKeyConfig.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Umbraco.Core.Configuration
+{
+    public interface IMachineKeyConfig
+    {
+        bool HasMachineKey { get;}
+    }
+}

src/Umbraco.Core/HashGenerator.cs

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core
 
         public void AddDateTime(DateTime d)
         {
-            _writer.Write(d.Ticks);;
+            _writer.Write(d.Ticks);
         }
 
         public void AddString(string s)

src/Umbraco.Core/Hosting/IHostingEnvironment.cs

@@ -22,11 +22,6 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Hosting
         string MapPath(string path);
         string ToAbsolute(string virtualPath, string root);
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Terminates the current application. The application restarts the next time a request is received for it.
-        /// </summary>
-        void LazyRestartApplication();
-
         void RegisterObject(IRegisteredObject registeredObject);
         void UnregisterObject(IRegisteredObject registeredObject);
     }

src/Umbraco.Core/Manifest/ManifestWatcher.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using Umbraco.Core.Hosting;
 using Umbraco.Core.Logging;
+using Umbraco.Net;
 
 namespace Umbraco.Core.Manifest
 {
@@ -13,13 +14,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Manifest
         private static volatile bool _isRestarting;
 
         private readonly ILogger _logger;
-        private readonly IHostingEnvironment _hostingEnvironment;
+        private readonly IUmbracoApplicationLifetime _umbracoApplicationLifetime;
         private readonly List<FileSystemWatcher> _fws = new List<FileSystemWatcher>();
 
-        public ManifestWatcher(ILogger logger, IHostingEnvironment hostingEnvironment)
+        public ManifestWatcher(ILogger logger, IUmbracoApplicationLifetime umbracoApplicationLifetime)
         {
             _logger = logger ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(logger));
-            _hostingEnvironment = hostingEnvironment;
+            _umbracoApplicationLifetime = umbracoApplicationLifetime;
         }
 
         public void Start(params string[] packageFolders)
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Manifest
 
                 _isRestarting = true;
                 _logger.Info<ManifestWatcher>("Manifest has changed, app pool is restarting ({Path})", e.FullPath);
-                _hostingEnvironment.LazyRestartApplication();
+                _umbracoApplicationLifetime.Restart();
                 Dispose(); // uh? if the app restarts then this should be disposed anyways?
             }
         }

src/Umbraco.Core/Models/PartialViewMacroModel.cs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Models
     /// <summary>
     /// The model used when rendering Partial View Macros
     /// </summary>
-    public class PartialViewMacroModel
+    public class PartialViewMacroModel : IContentModel
     {
 
         public PartialViewMacroModel(IPublishedContent page,

src/Umbraco.Core/Net/IUmbracoApplicationLifetime.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+namespace Umbraco.Net
+{
+    public interface IUmbracoApplicationLifetime
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// A value indicating whether the application is restarting after the current request.
+        /// </summary>
+        bool IsRestarting { get; }
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Terminates the current application. The application restarts the next time a request is received for it.
+        /// </summary>
+        void Restart();
+    }
+}

src/Umbraco.Core/Net/IUserAgentProvider.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Umbraco.Net
+{
+    public interface IUserAgentProvider
+    {
+        string GetUserAgent();
+    }
+}

src/Umbraco.Core/Packaging/ConflictingPackageData.cs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ using Umbraco.Core.Services;
 
 namespace Umbraco.Core.Packaging
 {
-    public class ConflictingPackageData 
+    public class ConflictingPackageData
     {
         private readonly IMacroService _macroService;
         private readonly IFileService _fileService;
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Packaging
             return stylesheetNodes
                 .Select(n =>
                 {
-                    var xElement = n.Element("Name") ?? n.Element("name"); ;
+                    var xElement = n.Element("Name") ?? n.Element("name");
                     if (xElement == null)
                         throw new FormatException("Missing \"Name\" element");
 

src/Umbraco.Core/Packaging/PackageDefinition.cs

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Models.Packaging
         /// <remarks>
         /// This is used only for conversions and will not 'get' a PackageDefinition from the repository with a valid ID
         /// </remarks>
-        internal static PackageDefinition FromCompiledPackage(CompiledPackage compiled)
+        public static PackageDefinition FromCompiledPackage(CompiledPackage compiled)
         {
             return new PackageDefinition
             {

src/Umbraco.Core/Packaging/PackagesRepository.cs

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Packaging
         {
             var packagesXml = EnsureStorage(out _);
             if (packagesXml?.Root == null)
-                yield break;;
+                yield break;
 
             foreach (var packageXml in packagesXml.Root.Elements("package"))
                 yield return _parser.ToPackageDefinition(packageXml);
@@ -518,7 +518,6 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Packaging
         private XElement GetStylesheetXml(string name, bool includeProperties)
         {
             if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name)) throw new ArgumentException("Value cannot be null or whitespace.", nameof(name));
-;
             var sts = _fileService.GetStylesheetByName(name);
             if (sts == null) return null;
             var stylesheetXml = new XElement("Stylesheet");

src/Umbraco.Core/Services/IContentTypeServiceBase.cs

@@ -51,7 +51,10 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Services
         IEnumerable<TItem> GetComposedOf(int id); // composition axis
 
         IEnumerable<TItem> GetChildren(int id);
+        IEnumerable<TItem> GetChildren(Guid id);
+
         bool HasChildren(int id);
+        bool HasChildren(Guid id);
 
         void Save(TItem item, int userId = Constants.Security.SuperUserId);
         void Save(IEnumerable<TItem> items, int userId = Constants.Security.SuperUserId);

src/Umbraco.Core/UmbracoContextAccessorExtensions.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+using System;
+using Umbraco.Web;
+
+namespace Umbraco.Core
+{
+    public static class UmbracoContextAccessorExtensions
+    {
+        public static IUmbracoContext GetRequiredUmbracoContext(this IUmbracoContextAccessor umbracoContextAccessor)
+        {
+            if (umbracoContextAccessor == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(umbracoContextAccessor));
+
+            var umbracoContext = umbracoContextAccessor.UmbracoContext;
+
+            if(umbracoContext is null) throw new InvalidOperationException("UmbracoContext is null");
+
+            return umbracoContext;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Umbraco.Core/Xml/XmlHelper.cs

@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Xml
             var child = parent.SelectSingleNode(name);
             if (child != null)
             {
-                child.InnerXml = "<![CDATA[" + value + "]]>"; ;
+                child.InnerXml = "<![CDATA[" + value + "]]>";
                 return child;
             }
             return AddCDataNode(xd, name, value);

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Compose/ManifestWatcherComponent.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using Umbraco.Core.Hosting;
 using Umbraco.Core.IO;
 using Umbraco.Core.Logging;
 using Umbraco.Core.Manifest;
+using Umbraco.Net;
 
 namespace Umbraco.Core.Compose
 {
@@ -12,18 +13,18 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Compose
         private readonly IRuntimeState _runtimeState;
         private readonly ILogger _logger;
         private readonly IIOHelper _ioHelper;
-        private readonly IHostingEnvironment _hostingEnvironment;
+        private readonly IUmbracoApplicationLifetime _umbracoApplicationLifetime;
 
         // if configured and in debug mode, a ManifestWatcher watches App_Plugins folders for
         // package.manifest chances and restarts the application on any change
         private ManifestWatcher _mw;
 
-        public ManifestWatcherComponent(IRuntimeState runtimeState, ILogger logger, IIOHelper ioHelper, IHostingEnvironment hostingEnvironment)
+        public ManifestWatcherComponent(IRuntimeState runtimeState, ILogger logger, IIOHelper ioHelper, IUmbracoApplicationLifetime umbracoApplicationLifetime)
         {
             _runtimeState = runtimeState;
             _logger = logger;
             _ioHelper = ioHelper;
-            _hostingEnvironment = hostingEnvironment;
+            _umbracoApplicationLifetime = umbracoApplicationLifetime;
         }
 
         public void Initialize()
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Compose
             var appPlugins = _ioHelper.MapPath("~/App_Plugins/");
             if (Directory.Exists(appPlugins) == false) return;
 
-            _mw = new ManifestWatcher(_logger, _hostingEnvironment);
+            _mw = new ManifestWatcher(_logger, _umbracoApplicationLifetime);
             _mw.Start(Directory.GetDirectories(appPlugins));
         }
 

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Intall/InstallHelper.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Net.Http;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using System.Web;
 using Umbraco.Core;
 using Umbraco.Core.Configuration;
 using Umbraco.Core.Cookie;
@@ -11,9 +10,9 @@ using Umbraco.Core.Logging;
 using Umbraco.Core.Migrations.Install;
 using Umbraco.Core.Models;
 using Umbraco.Core.Persistence;
-using Umbraco.Core.Persistence.SqlSyntax;
+using Umbraco.Core.Serialization;
 using Umbraco.Core.Services;
-using Umbraco.Web.Composing;
+using Umbraco.Net;
 using Umbraco.Web.Install.Models;
 
 namespace Umbraco.Web.Install
@@ -22,25 +21,28 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install
     {
         private static HttpClient _httpClient;
         private readonly DatabaseBuilder _databaseBuilder;
-        private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;
         private readonly ILogger _logger;
         private readonly IGlobalSettings _globalSettings;
         private readonly IUmbracoVersion _umbracoVersion;
         private readonly IConnectionStrings _connectionStrings;
         private readonly IInstallationService _installationService;
         private readonly ICookieManager _cookieManager;
+        private readonly IUserAgentProvider _userAgentProvider;
+        private readonly IUmbracoDatabaseFactory _umbracoDatabaseFactory;
+        private readonly IJsonSerializer _jsonSerializer;
         private InstallationType? _installationType;
 
-        public InstallHelper(IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor,
-            DatabaseBuilder databaseBuilder,
+        public InstallHelper(DatabaseBuilder databaseBuilder,
             ILogger logger,
             IGlobalSettings globalSettings,
             IUmbracoVersion umbracoVersion,
             IConnectionStrings connectionStrings,
             IInstallationService installationService,
-            ICookieManager cookieManager)
+            ICookieManager cookieManager,
+            IUserAgentProvider userAgentProvider,
+            IUmbracoDatabaseFactory umbracoDatabaseFactory,
+            IJsonSerializer jsonSerializer)
         {
-            _httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
             _logger = logger;
             _globalSettings = globalSettings;
             _umbracoVersion = umbracoVersion;
@@ -48,6 +50,9 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install
             _connectionStrings = connectionStrings ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(connectionStrings));
             _installationService = installationService;
             _cookieManager = cookieManager;
+            _userAgentProvider = userAgentProvider;
+            _umbracoDatabaseFactory = umbracoDatabaseFactory;
+            _jsonSerializer = jsonSerializer;
         }
 
         public InstallationType GetInstallationType()
@@ -57,11 +62,9 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install
 
         public async Task InstallStatus(bool isCompleted, string errorMsg)
         {
-
-            var httpContext = _httpContextAccessor.GetRequiredHttpContext();
             try
             {
-                var userAgent = httpContext.Request.UserAgent;
+                var userAgent = _userAgentProvider.GetUserAgent();
 
                 // Check for current install Id
                 var installId = Guid.NewGuid();
@@ -88,7 +91,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install
                 {
                     // we don't have DatabaseProvider anymore... doing it differently
                     //dbProvider = ApplicationContext.Current.DatabaseContext.DatabaseProvider.ToString();
-                    dbProvider = GetDbProviderString(Current.SqlContext);
+                    dbProvider = _umbracoDatabaseFactory.SqlContext.SqlSyntax.DbProvider;
                 }
 
                 var installLog = new InstallLog(installId: installId, isUpgrade: IsBrandNewInstall == false,
@@ -105,23 +108,6 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install
             }
         }
 
-        internal static string GetDbProviderString(ISqlContext sqlContext)
-        {
-            var dbProvider = string.Empty;
-
-            // we don't have DatabaseProvider anymore...
-            //dbProvider = ApplicationContext.Current.DatabaseContext.DatabaseProvider.ToString();
-            //
-            // doing it differently
-            var syntax = sqlContext.SqlSyntax;
-            if (syntax is SqlCeSyntaxProvider)
-                dbProvider = "SqlServerCE";
-            else if (syntax is SqlServerSyntaxProvider)
-                dbProvider = (syntax as SqlServerSyntaxProvider).ServerVersion.IsAzure ? "SqlAzure" : "SqlServer";
-
-            return dbProvider;
-        }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// Checks if this is a brand new install meaning that there is no configured version and there is no configured database connection
         /// </summary>
@@ -162,7 +148,10 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install
                 using (var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, requestUri))
                 {
                     var response = _httpClient.SendAsync(request).Result;
-                    packages = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IEnumerable<Package>>().Result.ToList();
+
+
+                    var json = response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
+                    packages = _jsonSerializer.Deserialize<IEnumerable<Package>>(json).ToList();
                 }
             }
             catch (AggregateException ex)

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Intall/InstallSteps/ConfigureMachineKey.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using System.Web.Configuration;
 using System.Xml.Linq;
+using Umbraco.Core.Configuration;
 using Umbraco.Core.IO;
 using Umbraco.Core.Security;
 using Umbraco.Web.Install.Models;
@@ -12,13 +12,15 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install.InstallSteps
         "ConfigureMachineKey", "machinekey", 2,
         "Updating some security settings...",
         PerformsAppRestart = true)]
-    internal class ConfigureMachineKey : InstallSetupStep<bool?>
+    public class ConfigureMachineKey : InstallSetupStep<bool?>
     {
         private readonly IIOHelper _ioHelper;
+        private readonly IMachineKeyConfig _machineKeyConfig;
 
-        public ConfigureMachineKey(IIOHelper ioHelper)
+        public ConfigureMachineKey(IIOHelper ioHelper, IMachineKeyConfig machineKeyConfig)
         {
             _ioHelper = ioHelper;
+            _machineKeyConfig = machineKeyConfig;
         }
 
         public override string View => HasMachineKey() == false ? base.View : "";
@@ -27,10 +29,9 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install.InstallSteps
         /// Don't display the view or execute if a machine key already exists
         /// </summary>
         /// <returns></returns>
-        private static bool HasMachineKey()
+        private bool HasMachineKey()
         {
-            var section = (MachineKeySection) WebConfigurationManager.GetSection("system.web/machineKey");
-            return section.ElementInformation.Source != null;
+            return _machineKeyConfig.HasMachineKey;
         }
 
         /// <summary>

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Intall/InstallSteps/SetUmbracoVersionStep.cs

@@ -1,44 +1,31 @@
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using System.Web;
 using Umbraco.Core;
 using Umbraco.Core.Configuration;
-using Umbraco.Core.IO;
-using Umbraco.Core.Logging;
-using Umbraco.Core.Services;
-using Umbraco.Web.Cache;
-using Umbraco.Web.Composing;
 using Umbraco.Web.Install.Models;
-using Umbraco.Web.Security;
-
 
 namespace Umbraco.Web.Install.InstallSteps
 {
     [InstallSetupStep(InstallationType.NewInstall | InstallationType.Upgrade,
-        "UmbracoVersion", 50, "Installation is complete!, get ready to be redirected to your new CMS.",
+        "UmbracoVersion", 50, "Installation is complete! Get ready to be redirected to your new CMS.",
         PerformsAppRestart = true)]
-    internal class SetUmbracoVersionStep : InstallSetupStep<object>
+    public class SetUmbracoVersionStep : InstallSetupStep<object>
     {
-        private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;
+        private readonly IUmbracoContextAccessor _umbracoContextAccessor;
         private readonly InstallHelper _installHelper;
         private readonly IGlobalSettings _globalSettings;
-        private readonly IUserService _userService;
         private readonly IUmbracoVersion _umbracoVersion;
-        private readonly IIOHelper _ioHelper;
 
-        public SetUmbracoVersionStep(IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor, InstallHelper installHelper, IGlobalSettings globalSettings, IUserService userService, IUmbracoVersion umbracoVersion, IIOHelper ioHelper)
+        public SetUmbracoVersionStep(IUmbracoContextAccessor umbracoContextAccessor, InstallHelper installHelper, IGlobalSettings globalSettings, IUmbracoVersion umbracoVersion)
         {
-            _httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
+            _umbracoContextAccessor = umbracoContextAccessor;
             _installHelper = installHelper;
             _globalSettings = globalSettings;
-            _userService = userService;
             _umbracoVersion = umbracoVersion;
-            _ioHelper = ioHelper;
         }
 
         public override Task<InstallSetupResult> ExecuteAsync(object model)
         {
-            var security = new WebSecurity(_httpContextAccessor, _userService, _globalSettings, _ioHelper);
-
+            var security = _umbracoContextAccessor.GetRequiredUmbracoContext().Security;
             if (security.IsAuthenticated() == false && _globalSettings.ConfigurationStatus.IsNullOrWhiteSpace())
             {
                 security.PerformLogin(-1);

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Intall/InstallSteps/StarterKitDownloadStep.cs

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using System.Web;
 using Umbraco.Core.Services;
 using Umbraco.Core.Configuration;
 using Umbraco.Core.Models.Packaging;
-using Umbraco.Web.Composing;
+using Umbraco.Net;
 using Umbraco.Web.Install.Models;
 
 namespace Umbraco.Web.Install.InstallSteps
@@ -20,14 +18,16 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install.InstallSteps
         private readonly InstallHelper _installHelper;
         private readonly IUmbracoContextAccessor _umbracoContextAccessor;
         private readonly IUmbracoVersion _umbracoVersion;
+        private readonly IUmbracoApplicationLifetime _umbracoApplicationLifetime;
         private readonly IContentService _contentService;
         private readonly IPackagingService _packageService;
 
-        public StarterKitDownloadStep(IContentService contentService, IPackagingService packageService, InstallHelper installHelper, IUmbracoContextAccessor umbracoContextAccessor, IUmbracoVersion umbracoVersion)
+        public StarterKitDownloadStep(IContentService contentService, IPackagingService packageService, InstallHelper installHelper, IUmbracoContextAccessor umbracoContextAccessor, IUmbracoVersion umbracoVersion, IUmbracoApplicationLifetime umbracoApplicationLifetime)
         {
             _installHelper = installHelper;
             _umbracoContextAccessor = umbracoContextAccessor;
             _umbracoVersion = umbracoVersion;
+            _umbracoApplicationLifetime = umbracoApplicationLifetime;
             _contentService = contentService;
             _packageService = packageService;
         }
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install.InstallSteps
 
             var (packageFile, packageId) = await DownloadPackageFilesAsync(starterKitId.Value);
 
-            UmbracoApplication.Restart();
+            _umbracoApplicationLifetime.Restart();
 
             return new InstallSetupResult(new Dictionary<string, object>
             {

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Intall/InstallSteps/StarterKitInstallStep.cs

@@ -2,9 +2,8 @@
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using System.Web;
 using Umbraco.Core.Services;
-using Umbraco.Web.Composing;
+using Umbraco.Net;
 using Umbraco.Web.Install.Models;
 
 namespace Umbraco.Web.Install.InstallSteps
@@ -14,13 +13,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install.InstallSteps
         PerformsAppRestart = true)]
     internal class StarterKitInstallStep : InstallSetupStep<object>
     {
-        private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httContextAccessor;
+        private readonly IUmbracoApplicationLifetime _umbracoApplicationLifetime;
         private readonly IUmbracoContextAccessor _umbracoContextAccessor;
         private readonly IPackagingService _packagingService;
 
-        public StarterKitInstallStep(IHttpContextAccessor httContextAccessor, IUmbracoContextAccessor umbracoContextAccessor, IPackagingService packagingService)
+        public StarterKitInstallStep(IUmbracoApplicationLifetime umbracoApplicationLifetime, IUmbracoContextAccessor umbracoContextAccessor, IPackagingService packagingService)
         {
-            _httContextAccessor = httContextAccessor;
+            _umbracoApplicationLifetime = umbracoApplicationLifetime;
             _umbracoContextAccessor = umbracoContextAccessor;
             _packagingService = packagingService;
         }
@@ -34,7 +33,9 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Install.InstallSteps
 
             InstallBusinessLogic(packageId);
 
-            UmbracoApplication.Restart(_httContextAccessor.GetRequiredHttpContext());
+            _umbracoApplicationLifetime.Restart();
+
+
 
             return Task.FromResult<InstallSetupResult>(null);
         }

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Media/Exif/ExifBitConverter.cs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Media.Exif
         public ExifBitConverter(ByteOrder from, ByteOrder to)
             : base(from, to)
         {
-            ;
+
         }
         #endregion
 

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Media/Exif/ExifExtendedProperty.cs

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Media.Exif
         public ExifEnumProperty(ExifTag tag, T value)
             : this(tag, value, false)
         {
-            ;
+
         }
 
         public override ExifInterOperability Interoperability
@@ -210,13 +210,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Media.Exif
         public ExifPointSubjectArea(ExifTag tag, ushort[] value)
             : base(tag, value)
         {
-            ;
+
         }
 
         public ExifPointSubjectArea(ExifTag tag, ushort x, ushort y)
-            : base(tag, new ushort[] { x, y })
+            : base(tag, new ushort[] {x, y})
         {
-            ;
+
         }
     }
 
@@ -239,13 +239,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Media.Exif
         public ExifCircularSubjectArea(ExifTag tag, ushort[] value)
             : base(tag, value)
         {
-            ;
+
         }
 
         public ExifCircularSubjectArea(ExifTag tag, ushort x, ushort y, ushort d)
             : base(tag, new ushort[] { x, y, d })
         {
-            ;
+
         }
     }
 
@@ -269,13 +269,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Media.Exif
         public ExifRectangularSubjectArea(ExifTag tag, ushort[] value)
             : base(tag, value)
         {
-            ;
+
         }
 
         public ExifRectangularSubjectArea(ExifTag tag, ushort x, ushort y, ushort w, ushort h)
             : base(tag, new ushort[] { x, y, w, h })
         {
-            ;
+
         }
     }
 
@@ -303,13 +303,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Media.Exif
         public GPSLatitudeLongitude(ExifTag tag, MathEx.UFraction32[] value)
             : base(tag, value)
         {
-            ;
+
         }
 
         public GPSLatitudeLongitude(ExifTag tag, float d, float m, float s)
             : base(tag, new MathEx.UFraction32[] { new MathEx.UFraction32(d), new MathEx.UFraction32(m), new MathEx.UFraction32(s) })
         {
-            ;
+
         }
     }
 
@@ -331,13 +331,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Media.Exif
         public GPSTimeStamp(ExifTag tag, MathEx.UFraction32[] value)
             : base(tag, value)
         {
-            ;
+
         }
 
         public GPSTimeStamp(ExifTag tag, float h, float m, float s)
             : base(tag, new MathEx.UFraction32[] { new MathEx.UFraction32(h), new MathEx.UFraction32(m), new MathEx.UFraction32(s) })
         {
-            ;
+
         }
     }
 

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Media/Exif/JFIFExtendedProperty.cs

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Media.Exif
         public JFIFVersion(ExifTag tag, ushort value)
             : base(tag, value)
         {
-            ;
+
         }
 
         public override string ToString()

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Media/Exif/JPEGSection.cs

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
         public JPEGSection(JPEGMarker marker)
             : this(marker, new byte[0], new byte[0])
         {
-            ;
+
         }
         #endregion
 

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Media/Exif/MathEx.cs

@@ -403,37 +403,37 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Media.Exif
             public Fraction32(int numerator, int denominator)
                 : this(numerator, denominator, 0)
             {
-                ;
+
             }
 
             public Fraction32(int numerator)
                 : this(numerator, (int)1)
             {
-                ;
+
             }
 
             public Fraction32(Fraction32 f)
                 : this(f.Numerator, f.Denominator, f.Error)
             {
-                ;
+
             }
 
             public Fraction32(float value)
                 : this((double)value)
             {
-                ;
+
             }
 
             public Fraction32(double value)
                 : this(FromDouble(value))
             {
-                ;
+
             }
 
             public Fraction32(string s)
                 : this(FromString(s))
             {
-                ;
+
             }
             #endregion
 
@@ -1033,37 +1033,37 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Media.Exif
             public UFraction32(uint numerator, uint denominator)
                 : this(numerator, denominator, 0)
             {
-                ;
+
             }
 
             public UFraction32(uint numerator)
                 : this(numerator, (uint)1)
             {
-                ;
+
             }
 
             public UFraction32(UFraction32 f)
                 : this(f.Numerator, f.Denominator, f.Error)
             {
-                ;
+
             }
 
             public UFraction32(float value)
                 : this((double)value)
             {
-                ;
+
             }
 
             public UFraction32(double value)
                 : this(FromDouble(value))
             {
-                ;
+
             }
 
             public UFraction32(string s)
                 : this(FromString(s))
             {
-                ;
+
             }
             #endregion
 

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Migrations/Upgrade/V_8_0_0/MergeDateAndDateTimePropertyEditor.cs

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Migrations.Upgrade.V_8_0_0
                     if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(dataType.Configuration))
                     {
                         config.Format = "YYYY-MM-DD";
-                    };
+                    }
                 }
                 catch (Exception ex)
                 {

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Persistence/Repositories/Implement/MacroRepository.cs

@@ -158,7 +158,6 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Persistence.Repositories.Implement
         protected override void PersistUpdatedItem(IMacro entity)
         {
             entity.UpdatingEntity();
-;
             var dto = MacroFactory.BuildDto(entity);
 
             Database.Update(dto);

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Persistence/Repositories/Implement/TemplateRepository.cs

@@ -219,7 +219,6 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Persistence.Repositories.Implement
             //Save updated entity to db
 
             template.UpdateDate = DateTime.Now;
-            ;
             var dto = TemplateFactory.BuildDto(template, NodeObjectTypeId, templateDto.PrimaryKey);
 
             Database.Update(dto.NodeDto);

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Persistence/SqlSyntax/ISqlSyntaxProvider.cs

@@ -77,12 +77,13 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Persistence.SqlSyntax
         string ConvertIntegerToOrderableString { get; }
         string ConvertDateToOrderableString { get; }
         string ConvertDecimalToOrderableString { get; }
-        
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Returns the default isolation level for the database
         /// </summary>
         IsolationLevel DefaultIsolationLevel { get; }
 
+        string DbProvider { get; }
         IEnumerable<string> GetTablesInSchema(IDatabase db);
         IEnumerable<ColumnInfo> GetColumnsInSchema(IDatabase db);
 

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Persistence/SqlSyntax/SqlServerSyntaxProvider.cs

@@ -175,6 +175,8 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Persistence.SqlSyntax
             return items.Select(x => new Tuple<string, string, string, string>(x.TableName, x.ColumnName, x.Name, x.Definition));
         }
 
+        public override string DbProvider => ServerVersion.IsAzure ? "SqlAzure" : "SqlServer";
+
         public override IEnumerable<string> GetTablesInSchema(IDatabase db)
         {
             var items = db.Fetch<dynamic>("SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = (SELECT SCHEMA_NAME())");

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/Persistence/SqlSyntax/SqlSyntaxProviderBase.cs

@@ -202,6 +202,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Persistence.SqlSyntax
         }
 
         public abstract IsolationLevel DefaultIsolationLevel { get; }
+        public abstract string DbProvider { get; }
 
         public virtual IEnumerable<string> GetTablesInSchema(IDatabase db)
         {

src/Umbraco.Infrastructure/PropertyEditors/ValueConverters/ImageCropperValueConverter.cs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.PropertyEditors.ValueConverters
                 value = new ImageCropperValue { Src = sourceString };
             }
 
-            value.ApplyConfiguration(propertyType.DataType.ConfigurationAs<ImageCropperConfiguration>());
+            value?.ApplyConfiguration(propertyType.DataType.ConfigurationAs<ImageCropperConfiguration>());
 
             return value;
         }

src/Umbraco.Persistance.SqlCe/SqlCeSyntaxProvider.cs

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Core.Persistence.SqlSyntax
         }
 
         public override System.Data.IsolationLevel DefaultIsolationLevel => System.Data.IsolationLevel.RepeatableRead;
+        public override string DbProvider => "SqlServerCE";
 
         public override string FormatColumnRename(string tableName, string oldName, string newName)
         {

src/Umbraco.PublishedCache.NuCache/PublishedSnapshotService.cs

@@ -1309,7 +1309,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.PublishedCache.NuCache
             var member = args.Entity;
 
             // refresh the edited data
-            OnRepositoryRefreshed(db, member, true);
+            OnRepositoryRefreshed(db, member, false);
         }
 
         private void OnRepositoryRefreshed(IUmbracoDatabase db, IContentBase content, bool published)

src/Umbraco.TestData/UmbracoTestDataController.cs

@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.TestData
             {
                 var content = Services.ContentService.Create(faker.Commerce.ProductName(), currParent, docType.Alias);
                 content.SetValue("review", faker.Rant.Review());
-                content.SetValue("desc", string.Join(", ", Enumerable.Range(0, 5).Select(x => faker.Commerce.ProductAdjective()))); ;
+                content.SetValue("desc", string.Join(", ", Enumerable.Range(0, 5).Select(x => faker.Commerce.ProductAdjective())));
                 content.SetValue("media", imageIds[random.Next(0, imageIds.Count - 1)]);
 
                 Services.ContentService.Save(content);

src/Umbraco.Tests/Composing/CollectionBuildersTests.cs

@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Composing
                 var col2 = factory.GetInstance<TestCollection>();
                 AssertCollection(col2, typeof(Resolved1), typeof(Resolved2));
 
-                AssertSameCollection(col1, col2);
+                AssertSameCollection(factory, col1, col2);
             }
 
         }
@@ -416,11 +416,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Composing
             {
                 col1A = factory.GetInstance<TestCollection>();
                 col1B = factory.GetInstance<TestCollection>();
-            }
 
-            AssertCollection(col1A, typeof(Resolved1), typeof(Resolved2));
-            AssertCollection(col1B, typeof(Resolved1), typeof(Resolved2));
-            AssertSameCollection(col1A, col1B);
+                AssertCollection(col1A, typeof(Resolved1), typeof(Resolved2));
+                AssertCollection(col1B, typeof(Resolved1), typeof(Resolved2));
+                AssertSameCollection(factory, col1A, col1B);
+            }
 
             TestCollection col2;
 
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Composing
                 Assert.IsInstanceOf(expected[i], colA[i]);
         }
 
-        private static void AssertSameCollection(IEnumerable<Resolved> col1, IEnumerable<Resolved> col2)
+        private static void AssertSameCollection(IFactory factory, IEnumerable<Resolved> col1, IEnumerable<Resolved> col2)
         {
             Assert.AreSame(col1, col2);
 
@@ -463,8 +463,19 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Composing
             var col2A = col2.ToArray();
 
             Assert.AreEqual(col1A.Length, col2A.Length);
+
+            // Ensure each item in each collection is the same but also
+            // resolve each item from the factory to ensure it's also the same since
+            // it should have the same lifespan.
             for (var i = 0; i < col1A.Length; i++)
+            {
                 Assert.AreSame(col1A[i], col2A[i]);
+
+                var itemA = factory.GetInstance(col1A[i].GetType());
+                var itemB = factory.GetInstance(col2A[i].GetType());
+
+                Assert.AreSame(itemA, itemB);
+            }
         }
 
         private static void AssertNotSameCollection(IEnumerable<Resolved> col1, IEnumerable<Resolved> col2)
@@ -475,8 +486,11 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Composing
             var col2A = col2.ToArray();
 
             Assert.AreEqual(col1A.Length, col2A.Length);
+
             for (var i = 0; i < col1A.Length; i++)
+            {
                 Assert.AreNotSame(col1A[i], col2A[i]);
+            }   
         }
 
         #endregion

src/Umbraco.Tests/Logging/LogviewerTests.cs

@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Tests.Logging
 
             //Query @Level='Warning' BUT we pass in array of LogLevels for Debug & Info (Expect to get 0 results)
             string[] logLevelMismatch = { "Debug", "Information" };
-            var filterLevelQuery = _logViewer.GetLogs(_logTimePeriod, pageNumber: 1, filterExpression: "@Level='Warning'", logLevels: logLevelMismatch); ;
+            var filterLevelQuery = _logViewer.GetLogs(_logTimePeriod, pageNumber: 1, filterExpression: "@Level='Warning'", logLevels: logLevelMismatch);
             Assert.AreEqual(0, filterLevelQuery.TotalItems);
         }
 

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/common/directives/components/application/umbsections.directive.js

@@ -133,6 +133,17 @@ function sectionsDirective($timeout, $window, navigationService, treeService, se
                 }
             };
 
+            scope.currentSectionInOverflow = function () {
+                if (scope.overflowingSections === 0) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                var currentSection = scope.sections.filter(s => s.alias === scope.currentSection);
+
+                return (scope.sections.indexOf(currentSection[0]) >= scope.maxSections);
+
+            };
+
             loadSections();
 
         }

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/common/directives/components/application/umbtour/umbtourstep.directive.js

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 
         function link(scope, element, attrs, ctrl) {
 
-            scope.close = function() {
-                if(scope.onClose) {
-                    scope.onClose();
+            scope.close = function () {
+                if (scope.onClose) {
+                   scope.onClose();
                 }
             }
 

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/common/directives/components/content/edit.controller.js

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
                 $scope.page.isNew = Object.toBoolean(newVal);
 
                 //We fetch all ancestors of the node to generate the footer breadcrumb navigation
-                if (content.parentId && content.parentId !== -1) {
+                if (content.parentId && content.parentId !== -1 && content.parentId !== -20) {
                     loadBreadcrumb();
                     if (!watchingCulture) {
                         $scope.$watch('culture',
@@ -287,6 +287,8 @@
                 $scope.page.showSaveButton = true;
                 // add ellipsis to the save button if it opens the variant overlay
                 $scope.page.saveButtonEllipsis = content.variants && content.variants.length > 1 ? "true" : "false";
+            } else {
+                $scope.page.showSaveButton = false;
             }
 
             // create the pubish combo button

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/common/directives/components/content/umbcontentnodeinfo.directive.js

@@ -328,6 +328,9 @@
                     // invariant nodes
                     scope.currentUrls = scope.node.urls;
                 }
+
+                // figure out if multiple cultures apply across the content urls
+                scope.currentUrlsHaveMultipleCultures = _.keys(_.groupBy(scope.currentUrls, url => url.culture)).length > 1;
             }
 
             // load audit trail and redirects when on the info tab

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/common/directives/components/umbchildselector.directive.js

@@ -99,13 +99,18 @@ Use this directive to render a ui component for selecting child items to a paren
 @param {string} parentName (<code>binding</code>): The parent name.
 @param {string} parentIcon (<code>binding</code>): The parent icon.
 @param {number} parentId (<code>binding</code>): The parent id.
-@param {callback} onRemove (<code>binding</code>): Callback when the remove button is clicked on an item.
+@param {callback} onRemove (<code>binding</code>): Callback when removing an item.
     <h3>The callback returns:</h3>
     <ul>
         <li><code>child</code>: The selected item.</li>
         <li><code>$index</code>: The selected item index.</li>
     </ul>
-@param {callback} onAdd (<code>binding</code>): Callback when the add button is clicked.
+@param {callback} onAdd (<code>binding</code>): Callback when adding an item.
+    <h3>The callback returns:</h3>
+    <ul>
+        <li><code>$event</code>: The select event.</li>
+    </ul>
+@param {callback} onSort (<code>binding</code>): Callback when sorting an item.
     <h3>The callback returns:</h3>
     <ul>
         <li><code>$event</code>: The select event.</li>
@@ -174,16 +179,15 @@ Use this directive to render a ui component for selecting child items to a paren
             eventBindings.push(scope.$watch('parentName', function(newValue, oldValue){
 
               if (newValue === oldValue) { return; }
-              if ( oldValue === undefined || newValue === undefined) { return; }
+              if (oldValue === undefined || newValue === undefined) { return; }
 
               syncParentName();
-
             }));
 
             eventBindings.push(scope.$watch('parentIcon', function(newValue, oldValue){
 
               if (newValue === oldValue) { return; }
-              if ( oldValue === undefined || newValue === undefined) { return; }
+              if (oldValue === undefined || newValue === undefined) { return; }
 
               syncParentIcon();
             }));
@@ -191,6 +195,7 @@ Use this directive to render a ui component for selecting child items to a paren
             // sortable options for allowed child content types
             scope.sortableOptions = {
                 axis: "y",
+                cancel: ".unsortable",
                 containment: "parent",
                 distance: 10,
                 opacity: 0.7,
@@ -199,7 +204,7 @@ Use this directive to render a ui component for selecting child items to a paren
                 zIndex: 6000,
                 update: function (e, ui) {
                     if(scope.onSort) {
-                        scope.onSort();
+                       scope.onSort();
                     }
                 }
             };

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/common/directives/validation/valpropertymsg.directive.js

@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@ function valPropertyMsg(serverValidationManager, localizationService) {
             var hasError = false;
 
             //create properties on our custom scope so we can use it in our template
-            scope.errorMsg = "";
-            
+            scope.errorMsg = "";            
             
             //the property form controller api
             var formCtrl = ctrl[0];
@@ -34,11 +33,15 @@ function valPropertyMsg(serverValidationManager, localizationService) {
             //the property controller api
             var umbPropCtrl = ctrl[2];
             //the variants controller api
-            var umbVariantCtrl = ctrl[3];
+            var umbVariantCtrl = ctrl[3];            
             
             var currentProperty = umbPropCtrl.property;
             scope.currentProperty = currentProperty;
+
             var currentCulture = currentProperty.culture;         
+            
+            // validation object won't exist when editor loads outside the content form (ie in settings section when modifying a content type)
+            var isMandatory = currentProperty.validation ? currentProperty.validation.mandatory : undefined;
 
             var labels = {};
             localizationService.localize("errors_propertyHasErrors").then(function (data) {
@@ -91,23 +94,25 @@ function valPropertyMsg(serverValidationManager, localizationService) {
                 if (!watcher) {
                     watcher = scope.$watch("currentProperty.value",
                         function (newValue, oldValue) {
-                            
                             if (angular.equals(newValue, oldValue)) {
                                 return;
                             }
 
                             var errCount = 0;
+
                             for (var e in formCtrl.$error) {
                                 if (angular.isArray(formCtrl.$error[e])) {
                                     errCount++;
                                 }
-                            }
+                            }         
 
                             //we are explicitly checking for valServer errors here, since we shouldn't auto clear
                             // based on other errors. We'll also check if there's no other validation errors apart from valPropertyMsg, if valPropertyMsg
                             // is the only one, then we'll clear.
 
-                            if (errCount === 0 || (errCount === 1 && angular.isArray(formCtrl.$error.valPropertyMsg)) || (formCtrl.$invalid && angular.isArray(formCtrl.$error.valServer))) {
+                            if (errCount === 0 
+                                || (errCount === 1 && angular.isArray(formCtrl.$error.valPropertyMsg)) 
+                                || (formCtrl.$invalid && angular.isArray(formCtrl.$error.valServer))) {
                                 scope.errorMsg = "";
                                 formCtrl.$setValidity('valPropertyMsg', true);
                             } else if (showValidation && scope.errorMsg === "") {
@@ -136,6 +141,21 @@ function valPropertyMsg(serverValidationManager, localizationService) {
                     }
                     //if there are any errors in the current property form that are not valPropertyMsg
                     else if (_.without(_.keys(formCtrl.$error), "valPropertyMsg").length > 0) {
+                        
+                        // errors exist, but if the property is NOT mandatory and has no value, the errors should be cleared
+                        if (isMandatory !== undefined && isMandatory === false && !currentProperty.value) {
+                            hasError = false;
+                            showValidation = false;
+                            scope.errorMsg = "";
+
+                            // if there's no value, the controls can be reset, which clears the error state on formCtrl
+                            for (let control of formCtrl.$getControls()) {
+                                control.$setValidity();
+                            }
+
+                            return;
+                        }
+
                         hasError = true;
                         //update the validation message if we don't already have one assigned.
                         if (showValidation && scope.errorMsg === "") {

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/common/services/editor.service.js

@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ When building a custom infinite editor view you can use the same components as a
 
         function rollback(editor) {
             editor.view = "views/common/infiniteeditors/rollback/rollback.html";
-            if (!editor.size) editor.size = "small";
+            if (!editor.size) editor.size = "medium";
             open(editor);
         }
 
@@ -784,7 +784,7 @@ When building a custom infinite editor view you can use the same components as a
          * @methodOf umbraco.services.editorService
          *
          * @description
-         * Opens the user group picker in infinite editing, the submit callback returns the saved template
+         * Opens the template editor in infinite editing, the submit callback returns the saved template
          * @param {Object} editor rendering options
          * @param {String} editor.id The template id
          * @param {Callback} editor.submit Submits the editor

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/components/buttons/umb-toggle.less

@@ -103,14 +103,21 @@
 
 
 
-
+.umb-toggle.umb-toggle--disabled.umb-toggle--checked,
 .umb-toggle.umb-toggle--disabled {
     .umb-toggle__toggle {
         cursor: not-allowed;
-        border-color: @gray-5;
+        background-color: @gray-9;
+        border-color: @gray-9;
+    }
+    .umb-toggle__icon--left {
+        color: @gray-6;
+    }
+    .umb-toggle__icon--right {
+        color: @gray-6;
     }
     .umb-toggle__handler {
-        background-color: @gray-5;
+        background-color: @gray-10;
     }
 }
 

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/components/umb-child-selector.less

@@ -16,23 +16,24 @@
 .umb-child-selector__child.-placeholder {
   border: 1px dashed @gray-8;
   background: none;
-  cursor: pointer;
   text-align: center;
   justify-content: center;
-  
-  color:@ui-action-type;
+  width: 100%;
+  color: @ui-action-type;
+
   &:hover {
-      color:@ui-action-type-hover;
-      border-color:@ui-action-type-hover;
-      text-decoration:none;
+      color: @ui-action-type-hover;
+      border-color: @ui-action-type-hover;
+      text-decoration: none;
   }
 }
 
 .umb-child-selector__children-container {
-  margin-left: 30px;
-  .umb-child-selector__child {
-      cursor: move;
-  }
+    margin-left: 30px;
+
+    .umb-child-selector__child.ui-sortable-handle {
+        cursor: move;
+    }
 }
 
 .umb-child-selector__child-description {
@@ -65,5 +66,6 @@
 }
 
 .umb-child-selector__child-remove {
-  cursor: pointer;
+  background: none;
+  border: none;
 }

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/components/umb-form-check.less

@@ -162,5 +162,6 @@
     &.umb-form-check--disabled {
         cursor: not-allowed !important;
         opacity: 0.5;
+        pointer-events: none;
     }
 }

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/components/umb-mini-search.less

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
         background-color: transparent;
         border-color: @ui-action-discreet-border;
         transition: background-color .1s linear, border-color .1s linear, color .1s linear, width .1s ease-in-out, padding-left .1s ease-in-out;
+        cursor: pointer;
     }
 
     &:focus-within, &:hover {
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@
         background-color: white;
         color: @ui-action-discreet-border-hover;
         border-color: @ui-action-discreet-border-hover;
+        cursor: unset;
     }
     
     input:focus, &:focus-within input, &.--has-value input {

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/components/umb-nested-content.less

@@ -135,6 +135,8 @@
 
 
 .umb-nested-content__header-bar:hover .umb-nested-content__icons,
+.umb-nested-content__header-bar:focus .umb-nested-content__icons,
+.umb-nested-content__header-bar:focus-within .umb-nested-content__icons,
 .umb-nested-content__item--active > .umb-nested-content__header-bar .umb-nested-content__icons {
     opacity: 1;
 }

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/components/umb-node-preview.less

@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@
 .umb-node-preview__icon {
     display: flex;
     width: 25px;
-    height: 25px;
+    min-height: 25px;
+    height: 100%;
     justify-content: center;
     align-items: center;
     font-size: 20px;

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/components/umb-property-actions.less

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
     opacity: 0;
     transition: opacity 120ms;
 }
+.umb-property:focus-within .umb-property-actions__toggle,
 .umb-property:hover .umb-property-actions__toggle,
 .umb-property .umb-property-actions__toggle:focus {
     opacity: 1;

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/components/umb-property-file-upload.less

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 .umb-property-file-upload {
 
     .umb-upload-button-big {
+        max-width: (@propertyEditorLimitedWidth - 40);
         display: block;
         padding: 20px;
         opacity: 1;

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/mixins.less

@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@
 // --------------------------------------------------
 // Limit width of specific property editors
 .umb-property-editor--limit-width {
-    max-width: 800px;
+    max-width: @propertyEditorLimitedWidth;
 }
 
 // Horizontal dividers

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/property-editors.less

@@ -722,6 +722,10 @@
 //
 // File upload
 // --------------------------------------------------
+.umb-fileupload {
+    display: flex;
+}
+
 .umb-fileupload .preview {
   border-radius: 5px;
   border: 1px solid @gray-6;

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/rte.less

@@ -164,4 +164,13 @@
 
 .mce-fullscreen {
     position: absolute;
+
+    .mce-in {
+        position: fixed;
+        top: 35px !important;
+    }
+
+    umb-editor__overlay, .umb-editor {
+        position: fixed;
+    }
 }

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/sections.less

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ ul.sections {
             transition: opacity .1s linear, box-shadow .1s;
         }
 
-        &.current a {
+        &.current > a {
             color: @ui-active;
 
             &::after {
@@ -76,6 +76,13 @@ ul.sections {
                 transition: opacity .1s linear;
             }
 
+            &.current {
+                i {
+                    opacity: 1;
+                    background: @ui-active;
+                }
+            }
+
             &:hover i {
                 opacity: 1;
             }

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/less/variables.less

@@ -244,6 +244,7 @@
 @paddingSmall:          2px 10px;  // 26px
 @paddingMini:           0 6px;   // 22px
 
+@propertyEditorLimitedWidth: 800px;
 
 // Disabled this to keep consistency throughout the backoffice UI. Untill a better solution is thought up, this will do.
 @baseBorderRadius:      3px; // 2px;

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/navigation.controller.js

@@ -257,6 +257,7 @@ function NavigationController($scope, $rootScope, $location, $log, $q, $routePar
     evts.push(eventsService.on("app.ready", function (evt, data) {
         $scope.authenticated = true;
         ensureInit();
+        ensureMainCulture();
     }));
 
     // event for infinite editors
@@ -279,8 +280,22 @@ function NavigationController($scope, $rootScope, $location, $log, $q, $routePar
         }
     }));
 
-
-    
+    /**
+     * For multi language sites, this ensures that mculture is set to either the last selected language or the default one
+     */ 
+    function ensureMainCulture() {
+        if ($location.search().mculture) {
+            return;
+        }
+        var language = lastLanguageOrDefault();
+        if (!language) {
+            return;
+        }
+        // trigger a language selection in the next digest cycle
+        $timeout(function () {
+            $scope.selectLanguage(language);
+        });
+    }    
 
     /**
      * Based on the current state of the application, this configures the scope variables that control the main tree and language drop down
@@ -385,28 +400,19 @@ function NavigationController($scope, $rootScope, $location, $log, $q, $routePar
 
             if ($scope.languages.length > 1) {
                 //if there's already one set, check if it exists
-                var currCulture = null;
+                var language = null;
                 var mainCulture = $location.search().mculture;
                 if (mainCulture) {
-                    currCulture = _.find($scope.languages, function (l) {
+                    language = _.find($scope.languages, function (l) {
                         return l.culture.toLowerCase() === mainCulture.toLowerCase();
                     });
                 }
-                if (!currCulture) {
-                    // no culture in the request, let's look for one in the cookie that's set when changing language
-                    var defaultCulture = $cookies.get("UMB_MCULTURE");
-                    if (!defaultCulture || !_.find($scope.languages, function (l) {
-                            return l.culture.toLowerCase() === defaultCulture.toLowerCase();
-                        })) {
-                        // no luck either, look for the default language
-                        var defaultLang = _.find($scope.languages, function (l) {
-                            return l.isDefault;
-                        });
-                        if (defaultLang) {
-                            defaultCulture = defaultLang.culture;
-                        }
+                if (!language) {
+                    language = lastLanguageOrDefault();
+
+                    if (language) {
+                        $location.search("mculture", language.culture);
                     }
-                    $location.search("mculture", defaultCulture ? defaultCulture : null);
                 }
             }
 
@@ -431,6 +437,25 @@ function NavigationController($scope, $rootScope, $location, $log, $q, $routePar
             });
         });
     }
+
+    function lastLanguageOrDefault() {
+        if (!$scope.languages || $scope.languages.length <= 1) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        // see if we can find a culture in the cookie set when changing language
+        var lastCulture = $cookies.get("UMB_MCULTURE");
+        var language = lastCulture ? _.find($scope.languages, function (l) {
+            return l.culture.toLowerCase() === lastCulture.toLowerCase();
+        }) : null;
+        if (!language) {
+            // no luck, look for the default language
+            language = _.find($scope.languages, function (l) {
+                return l.isDefault;
+            });
+        }
+        return language;
+    }
+
     function nodeExpandedHandler(args) {
         //store the reference to the expanded node path
         if (args.node) {

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/common/infiniteeditors/propertysettings/propertysettings.controller.js

@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@
                 "validation_validateAsEmail", 
                 "validation_validateAsNumber", 
                 "validation_validateAsUrl", 
-                "validation_enterCustomValidation"
+                "validation_enterCustomValidation",
+                "validation_fieldIsMandatory"
             ];
 
             localizationService.localizeMany(labels)
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@
                     vm.labels.validateAsNumber = data[1];
                     vm.labels.validateAsUrl = data[2];
                     vm.labels.customValidation = data[3];
+                    vm.labels.fieldIsMandatory = data[4];
 
                     vm.validationTypes = [
                         {

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/common/infiniteeditors/propertysettings/propertysettings.html

@@ -84,14 +84,15 @@
 
                             <h5><localize key="validation_validation"></localize></h5>
 
-                            <label>
-                                <localize key="validation_fieldIsMandatory"></localize>
-                            </label>
-
                             <umb-toggle data-element="validation_mandatory"
                                         checked="model.property.validation.mandatory"
-                                        on-click="vm.toggleValidation()">
+                                        on-click="vm.toggleValidation()"
+                                        label-on="{{vm.labels.fieldIsMandatory}}"
+                                        label-off="{{vm.labels.fieldIsMandatory}}"
+                                        show-labels="true"
+                                        label-position="right"
                                         focus-when="{{vm.focusOnMandatoryField}}"
+                                        class="mb1">
                             </umb-toggle>
 
                             <input type="text"

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/common/infiniteeditors/rollback/rollback.controller.js

@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@
                     }
 
                     // diff requires a string
-                    property.value = property.value ? property.value : "";
-                    oldProperty.value = oldProperty.value ? oldProperty.value : "";
+                    property.value = property.value ? property.value + "" : "";
+                    oldProperty.value = oldProperty.value ? oldProperty.value + "" : "";
 
                     var diffProperty = {
                         "alias": property.alias,

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/components/application/umb-sections.html

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
                 </a>
             </li>
 
-            <li data-element="section-expand" class="expand" ng-class="{ 'open': showTray === true }" ng-show="needTray">
+            <li data-element="section-expand" class="expand" ng-class="{ 'open': showTray === true, current: currentSectionInOverflow() }" ng-show="needTray">
                 <a href="#" ng-click="trayClick()" prevent-default>
                     <span class="section__name"><i></i><i></i><i></i></span>
                 </a>

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/components/application/umb-tour.html

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 
         <!-- Dom element not found error -->
         <div ng-if="elementNotFound && !loadingStep">
-            <umb-tour-step class="tc">
+            <umb-tour-step class="tc" on-close="model.endTour()">
                 <umb-tour-step-header>
                     <h4 class="bold color-red">Oh, we got lost!</h4>
                 </umb-tour-step-header>

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/components/application/umbtour/umb-tour-step.html

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 <div class="umb-tour-step umb-tour-step--{{size}}">
 
-
     <div ng-if="hideClose !== true">
-        <button class="icon-wrong umb-tour-step__close" ng-click="close()">
+        <button type="button" class="icon-wrong umb-tour-step__close" hotkey="esc" ng-click="close()">
             <span class="sr-only">
                 <localize key="general_close">Close</localize>
             </span>

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/components/content/umb-content-node-info.html

@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@
                 <ul class="nav nav-stacked" style="margin-bottom: 0;">
                     <li ng-repeat="url in currentUrls">
                         <a href="{{url.text}}" target="_blank" ng-if="url.isUrl">
-                            <span ng-if="node.variants.length === 1 && url.culture" style="font-size: 13px; color: #cccccc; width: 50px;display: inline-block">{{url.culture}}</span>
+                            <span ng-if="currentUrlsHaveMultipleCultures && url.culture" style="font-size: 13px; color: #cccccc; width: 50px;display: inline-block">{{url.culture}}</span>
                             <i class="icon icon-out"></i>
                             <span>{{url.text}}</span>
                         </a>
                         <div ng-if="!url.isUrl" style="margin-top: 4px;">
 
-                            <span ng-if="node.variants.length === 1 && url.culture" style="font-size: 13px; color: #cccccc; width: 50px;display: inline-block">{{url.culture}}</span>
+                            <span ng-if="currentUrlsHaveMultipleCultures && url.culture" style="font-size: 13px; color: #cccccc; width: 50px;display: inline-block">{{url.culture}}</span>
                             <em>{{url.text}}</em>
 
                         </div>

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/components/umb-child-selector.html

@@ -19,18 +19,20 @@
         <div class="umb-child-selector__child" ng-repeat="selectedChild in selectedChildren">
             <div class="umb-child-selector__child-description">
                 <div class="umb-child-selector__child-icon-holder">
-                    <i class="umb-child-selector__child-icon {{ selectedChild.icon }}"></i>
+                    <i class="umb-child-selector__child-icon {{selectedChild.icon}}" aria-hidden="true"></i>
                 </div>
-                <span class="umb-child-selector__child-name"> {{ selectedChild.name }}</span>
+                <span class="umb-child-selector__child-name">{{selectedChild.name}}</span>
             </div>
             <div class="umb-child-selector__child-actions">
-                <i class="umb-child-selector__child-remove icon-trash" ng-click="removeChild(selectedChild, $index)"></i>
+                <button type="button" class="umb-child-selector__child-remove" ng-click="removeChild(selectedChild, $index)">
+                    <i class="icon-trash" aria-hidden="true"></i>
+                </button>
             </div>
         </div>
 
-        <a href="" class="umb-child-selector__child -placeholder" ng-click="addChild($event)" hotkey="alt+shift+c">
+        <button type="button" class="umb-child-selector__child -placeholder unsortable" ng-click="addChild($event)" hotkey="alt+shift+c">
             <div class="umb-child-selector__child-name -blue"><strong><localize key="shortcuts_addChild">Add Child</localize></strong></div>
-        </a>
+        </button>
 
     </div>
 

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/components/users/umb-user-preview.html

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 <div class="umb-user-preview">
 
     <div class="umb-user-preview__avatar">
-        <umb-avatar
-            size="xxs"
-            color="secondary"
-            name="{{name}}"
-            img-src="{{avatars[0]}}"
-            img-srcset="{{avatars[1]}} 2x, {{avatars[2]}} 3x">
+        <umb-avatar size="xxs"
+                    color="secondary"
+                    name="{{name}}"
+                    img-src="{{avatars[0]}}"
+                    img-srcset="{{avatars[1]}} 2x, {{avatars[2]}} 3x">
         </umb-avatar>
     </div>
 
@@ -15,7 +14,6 @@
     </div>
 
     <div class="umb-user-preview__actions">
-        <a class="umb-user-preview__action umb-user-preview__action--red" title="Remove" href="" ng-if="allowRemove" ng-click="onRemove()"><localize key="general_remove">Remove</localize></a>
-    <div>
-
-</div>
+        <button type="button" class="umb-user-preview__action umb-user-preview__action--red btn-link" title="Remove" ng-if="allowRemove" ng-click="onRemove()"><localize key="general_remove">Remove</localize></button>
+    </div>
+</div>

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/content/content.create.controller.js

@@ -22,10 +22,14 @@ function contentCreateController($scope,
     function initialize() {
         $scope.loading = true;
         $scope.allowedTypes = null;
-        $scope.countTypes = contentTypeResource.getCount;
         
         var getAllowedTypes = contentTypeResource.getAllowedTypes($scope.currentNode.id).then(function (data) {
             $scope.allowedTypes = iconHelper.formatContentTypeIcons(data);
+            if ($scope.allowedTypes.length === 0) {
+                contentTypeResource.getCount().then(function(count) {
+                    $scope.countTypes = count;
+                });
+            }
         });
         var getCurrentUser = authResource.getCurrentUser().then(function (currentUser) {
             if (currentUser.allowedSections.indexOf("settings") > -1) {

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/dashboard/dashboard.tabs.controller.js

@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ function startupLatestEditsController($scope) {
 }
 angular.module("umbraco").controller("Umbraco.Dashboard.StartupLatestEditsController", startupLatestEditsController);
 
-function MediaFolderBrowserDashboardController($rootScope, $scope, $location, contentTypeResource, userService) {
+function MediaFolderBrowserDashboardController($scope, $routeParams, $location, contentTypeResource, userService) {
 
     var currentUser = {};
 
@@ -251,6 +251,8 @@ function MediaFolderBrowserDashboardController($rootScope, $scope, $location, co
                         view: dt.view
                     };
 
+                    // tell the list view to list content at root
+                    $routeParams.id = -1;
             });
 
         } else if (currentUser.startMediaIds.length > 0){

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/dashboard/members/membersdashboardvideos.html

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 	<umb-box>
 		<umb-box-content>
-			<h3><localize key="settingsDashboardVideos_trainingHeadline">Hours of Umbraco training videos are only a click away</localize></h3>
+			<h3 class="bold"><localize key="settingsDashboardVideos_trainingHeadline">Hours of Umbraco training videos are only a click away</localize></h3>
 			<localize key="settingsDashboardVideos_trainingDescription">
         <p>Want to master Umbraco? Spend a couple of minutes learning some best practices by watching one of these videos about using Umbraco. And visit <a href="http://umbraco.tv" target="_blank">umbraco.tv</a> for even more Umbraco videos</p>
       </localize>

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/media/media.edit.controller.js

@@ -73,14 +73,14 @@ function mediaEditController($scope, $routeParams, $q, appState, mediaResource,
         
         var content = $scope.content;
         
-        // we need to check wether an app is present in the current data, if not we will present the default app.
+        // we need to check whether an app is present in the current data, if not we will present the default app.
         var isAppPresent = false;
         
         // on first init, we dont have any apps. but if we are re-initializing, we do, but ...
         if ($scope.app) {
             
             // lets check if it still exists as part of our apps array. (if not we have made a change to our docType, even just a re-save of the docType it will turn into new Apps.)
-            _.forEach(content.apps, function(app) {
+            content.apps.forEach(app => {
                 if (app === $scope.app) {
                     isAppPresent = true;
                 }
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ function mediaEditController($scope, $routeParams, $q, appState, mediaResource,
             
             // if we did reload our DocType, but still have the same app we will try to find it by the alias.
             if (isAppPresent === false) {
-                _.forEach(content.apps, function(app) {
+                content.apps.forEach(app => {
                     if (app.alias === $scope.app.alias) {
                         isAppPresent = true;
                         app.active = true;
@@ -182,24 +182,26 @@ function mediaEditController($scope, $routeParams, $q, appState, mediaResource,
 
                     formHelper.resetForm({ scope: $scope });
 
-                    contentEditingHelper.handleSuccessfulSave({
-                        scope: $scope,
-                        savedContent: data,
-                        rebindCallback: contentEditingHelper.reBindChangedProperties($scope.content, data)
-                    });
-
-                    editorState.set($scope.content);
-                    
-                    syncTreeNode($scope.content, data.path);
-
-                    init();
-
-                    $scope.page.saveButtonState = "success";
-
                     // close the editor if it's infinite mode
+                    // submit function manages rebinding changes
                     if(infiniteMode && $scope.model.submit) {
                         $scope.model.mediaNode = $scope.content;
                         $scope.model.submit($scope.model);
+                    } else {
+                        // if not infinite mode, rebind changed props etc
+                        contentEditingHelper.handleSuccessfulSave({
+                            scope: $scope,
+                            savedContent: data,
+                            rebindCallback: contentEditingHelper.reBindChangedProperties($scope.content, data)
+                        });
+
+                        editorState.set($scope.content);
+
+                        syncTreeNode($scope.content, data.path);
+                        
+                        $scope.page.saveButtonState = "success";
+
+                        init();
                     }
 
                 }, function(err) {
@@ -245,7 +247,7 @@ function mediaEditController($scope, $routeParams, $q, appState, mediaResource,
                     syncTreeNode($scope.content, data.path, true); 
                 }
                
-                if ($scope.content.parentId && $scope.content.parentId != -1) {
+                if ($scope.content.parentId && $scope.content.parentId !== -1 && $scope.content.parentId !== -21) {
                     //We fetch all ancestors of the node to generate the footer breadcrump navigation
                     entityResource.getAncestors(nodeId, "media")
                         .then(function (anc) {

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/propertyeditors/listview/listview.controller.js

@@ -276,6 +276,9 @@ function listViewController($scope, $interpolate, $routeParams, $injector, $time
     }
 
     $scope.reloadView = function (id, reloadActiveNode) {
+        if (!id) {
+            return;
+        }
         $scope.viewLoaded = false;
         $scope.folders = [];
 
@@ -713,45 +716,12 @@ function listViewController($scope, $interpolate, $routeParams, $injector, $time
     }
 
     function initView() {
-        //default to root id if the id is undefined
         var id = $routeParams.id;
         if (id === undefined) {
-            id = -1;
+            // no ID found in route params - don't list anything as we don't know for sure where we are
+            return;
         }
 
-        getContentTypesCallback(id).then(function (listViewAllowedTypes) {
-          $scope.listViewAllowedTypes = listViewAllowedTypes;
-
-          var blueprints = false;
-          _.each(listViewAllowedTypes, function (allowedType) {
-              if (_.isEmpty(allowedType.blueprints)) {
-                // this helps the view understand that there are no blueprints available
-                allowedType.blueprints = null;
-              }
-              else {
-                blueprints = true;
-                // turn the content type blueprints object into an array of sortable objects for the view
-                allowedType.blueprints = _.map(_.pairs(allowedType.blueprints || {}), function (pair) {
-                  return {
-                    id: pair[0],
-                    name: pair[1]
-                  };
-                });
-              }
-            });
-
-            if (listViewAllowedTypes.length === 1 && blueprints === false) {
-                $scope.createAllowedButtonSingle = true;
-            }
-            if (listViewAllowedTypes.length === 1 && blueprints === true) {
-                $scope.createAllowedButtonSingleWithBlueprints = true;
-            }
-            if (listViewAllowedTypes.length > 1) {
-                $scope.createAllowedButtonMultiWithBlueprints = true;
-            }
-        });
-
-
         $scope.contentId = id;
         $scope.isTrashed = editorState.current ? editorState.current.trashed : id === "-20" || id === "-21";
 
@@ -765,6 +735,40 @@ function listViewController($scope, $interpolate, $routeParams, $injector, $time
             $scope.options.allowBulkMove ||
             $scope.options.allowBulkDelete;
 
+        if ($scope.isTrashed === false) {
+            getContentTypesCallback(id).then(function (listViewAllowedTypes) {
+                $scope.listViewAllowedTypes = listViewAllowedTypes;
+
+                var blueprints = false;
+                _.each(listViewAllowedTypes, function (allowedType) {
+                    if (_.isEmpty(allowedType.blueprints)) {
+                        // this helps the view understand that there are no blueprints available
+                        allowedType.blueprints = null;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        blueprints = true;
+                        // turn the content type blueprints object into an array of sortable objects for the view
+                        allowedType.blueprints = _.map(_.pairs(allowedType.blueprints || {}), function (pair) {
+                            return {
+                                id: pair[0],
+                                name: pair[1]
+                            };
+                        });
+                    }
+                });
+
+                if (listViewAllowedTypes.length === 1 && blueprints === false) {
+                    $scope.createAllowedButtonSingle = true;
+                }
+                if (listViewAllowedTypes.length === 1 && blueprints === true) {
+                    $scope.createAllowedButtonSingleWithBlueprints = true;
+                }
+                if (listViewAllowedTypes.length > 1) {
+                    $scope.createAllowedButtonMultiWithBlueprints = true;
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
         $scope.reloadView($scope.contentId);
     }
 

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/propertyeditors/mediapicker/mediapicker.controller.js

@@ -48,49 +48,45 @@ angular.module('umbraco').controller("Umbraco.PropertyEditors.MediaPickerControl
                     // This is done by remapping the int/guid ids into a new array of items, where we create "Deleted item" placeholders
                     // when there is no match for a selected id. This will ensure that the values being set on save, are the same as before.
 
-                    medias = _.map(ids,
-                        function (id) {
-                            var found = _.find(medias,
-                                function (m) {
-                                    // We could use coercion (two ='s) here .. but not sure if this works equally well in all browsers and
-                                    // it's prone to someone "fixing" it at some point without knowing the effects. Rather use toString()
-                                    // compares and be completely sure it works.
-                                    return m.udi.toString() === id.toString() || m.id.toString() === id.toString();
-                                });
-                            if (found) {
-                                return found;
-                            } else {
-                                return {
-                                    name: vm.labels.deletedItem,
-                                    id: $scope.model.config.idType !== "udi" ? id : null,
-                                    udi: $scope.model.config.idType === "udi" ? id : null,
-                                    icon: "icon-picture",
-                                    thumbnail: null,
-                                    trashed: true
-                                };
-                            }
-                        });
+                    medias = ids.map(id => {
+                        var found = medias.find(m =>
+                            // We could use coercion (two ='s) here .. but not sure if this works equally well in all browsers and
+                            // it's prone to someone "fixing" it at some point without knowing the effects. Rather use toString()
+                            // compares and be completely sure it works.
+                            m.udi.toString() === id.toString() || m.id.toString() === id.toString());
+                        
+                        if (found) {
+                            return found;
+                        } else {
+                            return {
+                                name: vm.labels.deletedItem,
+                                id: $scope.model.config.idType !== "udi" ? id : null,
+                                udi: $scope.model.config.idType === "udi" ? id : null,
+                                icon: "icon-picture",
+                                thumbnail: null,
+                                trashed: true
+                            };
+                        }
+                    });
 
-                    _.each(medias,
-                        function (media, i) {
+                    medias.forEach(media => {
+                        if (!media.extension && media.id && media.metaData) {
+                            media.extension = mediaHelper.getFileExtension(media.metaData.MediaPath);
+                        }
 
-                            if (!media.extension && media.id && media.metaData) {
-                                media.extension = mediaHelper.getFileExtension(media.metaData.MediaPath);
-                            }
+                        // if there is no thumbnail, try getting one if the media is not a placeholder item
+                        if (!media.thumbnail && media.id && media.metaData) {
+                            media.thumbnail = mediaHelper.resolveFileFromEntity(media, true);
+                        }
 
-                            // if there is no thumbnail, try getting one if the media is not a placeholder item
-                            if (!media.thumbnail && media.id && media.metaData) {
-                                media.thumbnail = mediaHelper.resolveFileFromEntity(media, true);
-                            }
+                        $scope.mediaItems.push(media);
 
-                            $scope.mediaItems.push(media);
-
-                            if ($scope.model.config.idType === "udi") {
-                                $scope.ids.push(media.udi);
-                            } else {
-                                $scope.ids.push(media.id);
-                            }
-                        });
+                        if ($scope.model.config.idType === "udi") {
+                            $scope.ids.push(media.udi);
+                        } else {
+                            $scope.ids.push(media.id);
+                        }
+                    });
 
                     sync();
                 });
@@ -100,7 +96,7 @@ angular.module('umbraco').controller("Umbraco.PropertyEditors.MediaPickerControl
         function sync() {
             $scope.model.value = $scope.ids.join();
             removeAllEntriesAction.isDisabled = $scope.ids.length === 0;
-        };
+        }
 
         function setDirty() {
             angularHelper.getCurrentForm($scope).$setDirty();
@@ -111,18 +107,17 @@ angular.module('umbraco').controller("Umbraco.PropertyEditors.MediaPickerControl
             // reload. We only reload the images that is already picked but has been updated.
             // We have to get the entities from the server because the media 
             // can be edited without being selected
-            _.each($scope.images,
-                function (image, i) {
-                    if (updatedMediaNodes.indexOf(image.udi) !== -1) {
-                        image.loading = true;
-                        entityResource.getById(image.udi, "media")
-                            .then(function (mediaEntity) {
-                                angular.extend(image, mediaEntity);
-                                image.thumbnail = mediaHelper.resolveFileFromEntity(image, true);
-                                image.loading = false;
-                            });
-                    }
-                });
+            $scope.mediaItems.forEach(media => {
+                if (updatedMediaNodes.indexOf(media.udi) !== -1) {
+                    media.loading = true;
+                    entityResource.getById(media.udi, "Media")
+                        .then(function (mediaEntity) {
+                            angular.extend(media, mediaEntity);
+                            media.thumbnail = mediaHelper.resolveFileFromEntity(media, true);
+                            media.loading = false;
+                        });
+                }
+            });
         }
 
         function init() {
@@ -177,20 +172,20 @@ angular.module('umbraco').controller("Umbraco.PropertyEditors.MediaPickerControl
                     // the media picker is using media entities so we get the
                     // entity so we easily can format it for use in the media grid
                     if (model && model.mediaNode) {
-                        entityResource.getById(model.mediaNode.id, "media")
+                        entityResource.getById(model.mediaNode.id, "Media")
                             .then(function (mediaEntity) {
                                 // if an image is selecting more than once 
                                 // we need to update all the media items
-                                angular.forEach($scope.images, function (image) {
-                                    if (image.id === model.mediaNode.id) {
-                                        angular.extend(image, mediaEntity);
-                                        image.thumbnail = mediaHelper.resolveFileFromEntity(image, true);
+                                $scope.mediaItems.forEach(media => {
+                                    if (media.id === model.mediaNode.id) {
+                                        angular.extend(media, mediaEntity);
+                                        media.thumbnail = mediaHelper.resolveFileFromEntity(media, true);
                                     }
                                 });
                             });
                     }
                 },
-                close: function (model) {
+                close: function () {
                     editorService.close();
                 }
             };
@@ -210,7 +205,7 @@ angular.module('umbraco').controller("Umbraco.PropertyEditors.MediaPickerControl
 
                     editorService.close();
 
-                    _.each(model.selection, function (media, i) {
+                    model.selection.forEach(media => {
                         // if there is no thumbnail, try getting one if the media is not a placeholder item
                         if (!media.thumbnail && media.id && media.metaData) {
                             media.thumbnail = mediaHelper.resolveFileFromEntity(media, true);
@@ -280,16 +275,14 @@ angular.module('umbraco').controller("Umbraco.PropertyEditors.MediaPickerControl
             disabled: !multiPicker,
             items: "li:not(.add-wrapper)",
             cancel: ".unsortable",
-            update: function (e, ui) {
+            update: function () {
                 setDirty();
                 $timeout(function() {
                     // TODO: Instead of doing this with a timeout would be better to use a watch like we do in the
                     // content picker. Then we don't have to worry about setting ids, render models, models, we just set one and let the
                     // watch do all the rest.
-                    $scope.ids = _.map($scope.mediaItems,
-                        function (item) {
-                            return $scope.model.config.idType === "udi" ? item.udi : item.id;
-                        });
+                    $scope.ids = $scope.mediaItems.map(media => $scope.model.config.idType === "udi" ? media.udi : media.id);
+                    
                     sync();
                 });
             }

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/propertyeditors/mediapicker/mediapicker.html

@@ -36,16 +36,16 @@
                 </umb-file-icon>
 
                 <div class="umb-sortable-thumbnails__actions" data-element="sortable-thumbnail-actions">
-                    <button aria-label="Edit media" ng-if="allowEditMedia" class="umb-sortable-thumbnails__action btn-reset" data-element="action-edit" ng-click="vm.editItem(media)">
+                    <button type="button" aria-label="Edit media" ng-if="allowEditMedia" class="umb-sortable-thumbnails__action btn-reset" data-element="action-edit" ng-click="vm.editItem(media)">
                         <i class="icon icon-edit" aria-hidden="true"></i>
                     </button>
-                    <button aria-label="Remove" class="umb-sortable-thumbnails__action -red btn-reset" data-element="action-remove" ng-click="vm.remove($index)">
+                    <button type="button" aria-label="Remove" class="umb-sortable-thumbnails__action -red btn-reset" data-element="action-remove" ng-click="vm.remove($index)">
                         <i class="icon icon-delete" aria-hidden="true"></i>
                     </button>
                 </div>
             </li>
             <li style="border: none;" class="add-wrapper unsortable" ng-if="vm.showAdd() && allowAddMedia">
-                <button aria-label="Open media picker" data-element="sortable-thumbnails-add" class="add-link btn-reset umb-outline umb-outline--surrounding" ng-click="vm.add()" ng-class="{'add-link-square': (mediaItems.length === 0 || isMultiPicker)}" prevent-default>
+                <button type="button" aria-label="Open media picker" data-element="sortable-thumbnails-add" class="add-link btn-reset umb-outline umb-outline--surrounding" ng-click="vm.add()" ng-class="{'add-link-square': (mediaItems.length === 0 || isMultiPicker)}">
                     <i class="icon icon-add large" aria-hidden="true"></i>
                 </button>
             </li>

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/propertyeditors/nestedcontent/nestedcontent.controller.js

@@ -221,6 +221,7 @@
             if (vm.overlayMenu.availableItems.length === 1 && vm.overlayMenu.pasteItems.length === 0) {
                 // only one scaffold type - no need to display the picker
                 addNode(vm.scaffolds[0].contentTypeAlias);
+                vm.overlayMenu = null;
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -276,6 +277,9 @@
         };
 
         vm.getName = function (idx) {
+            if (!model.value || !model.value.length) {
+                return "";
+            }
 
             var name = "";
 
@@ -325,6 +329,10 @@
         };
 
         vm.getIcon = function (idx) {
+            if (!model.value || !model.value.length) {
+                return "";
+            }
+
             var scaffold = getScaffold(model.value[idx].ncContentTypeAlias);
             return scaffold && scaffold.icon ? iconHelper.convertFromLegacyIcon(scaffold.icon) : "icon-folder";
         }
@@ -480,10 +488,12 @@
                 }
 
                 // Enforce min items if we only have one scaffold type
+                var modelWasChanged = false;
                 if (vm.nodes.length < vm.minItems && vm.scaffolds.length === 1) {
                     for (var i = vm.nodes.length; i < model.config.minItems; i++) {
                         addNode(vm.scaffolds[0].contentTypeAlias);
                     }
+                    modelWasChanged = true;
                 }
 
                 // If there is only one item, set it as current node
@@ -495,6 +505,10 @@
 
                 vm.inited = true;
 
+                if (modelWasChanged) {
+                    updateModel();
+                }
+
                 updatePropertyActionStates();
                 checkAbilityToPasteContent();
             }

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/propertyeditors/slider/slider.controller.js

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
                     return value.toFixed(stepDecimalPlaces);
                 },
                 from: function (value) {
-                    return value;
+                    return Number(value);
                 }
             },
             "range": {

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/users/group.html

@@ -40,13 +40,12 @@
                                             on-remove="vm.removeSelectedItem($index, vm.userGroup.sections)">
                                         </umb-node-preview>
 
-                                        <a href=""
-                                            style="max-width: 100%;"
-                                            class="umb-node-preview-add"
-                                            ng-click="vm.openSectionPicker()"
-                                            prevent-default>
+                                        <button type="button"
+                                                class="umb-node-preview-add"
+                                                style="max-width: 100%;"
+                                                ng-click="vm.openSectionPicker()">
                                             <localize key="general_add">Add</localize>
-                                        </a>
+                                        </button>
                                     </umb-control-group>
 
                                     <umb-control-group style="margin-bottom: 20px;" label="@user_startnode" description="@user_startnodehelp">
@@ -61,14 +60,14 @@
                                             on-remove="vm.clearStartNode('content')">
                                         </umb-node-preview>
 
-                                        <a href=""
-                                            ng-if="!vm.userGroup.contentStartNode"
-                                            style="max-width: 100%;"
-                                            class="umb-node-preview-add"
-                                            ng-click="vm.openContentPicker()"
-                                            prevent-default>
+
+                                        <button type="button"
+                                                ng-if="!vm.userGroup.contentStartNode"
+                                                class="umb-node-preview-add"
+                                                style="max-width: 100%;"
+                                                ng-click="vm.openContentPicker()">
                                             <localize key="general_add">Add</localize>
-                                        </a>
+                                        </button>
 
                                     </umb-control-group>
 
@@ -85,14 +84,14 @@
                                             on-remove="vm.clearStartNode('media')">
                                         </umb-node-preview>
 
-                                        <a href=""
-                                            ng-if="!vm.userGroup.mediaStartNode"
-                                            style="max-width: 100%;"
-                                            class="umb-node-preview-add"
-                                            ng-click="vm.openMediaPicker()"
-                                            prevent-default>
+
+                                        <button type="button"
+                                                ng-if="!vm.userGroup.mediaStartNode"
+                                                class="umb-node-preview-add"
+                                                style="max-width: 100%;"
+                                                ng-click="vm.openMediaPicker()">
                                             <localize key="general_add">Add</localize>
-                                        </a>
+                                        </button>
 
                                     </umb-control-group>
 
@@ -127,13 +126,12 @@
                                             on-edit="vm.setPermissionsForNode(node)">
                                         </umb-node-preview>
 
-                                        <a href=""
-                                            style="max-width: 100%;"
-                                            class="umb-node-preview-add"
-                                            ng-click="vm.openGranularPermissionsPicker()"
-                                            prevent-default>
+                                        <button type="button"
+                                                class="umb-node-preview-add"
+                                                style="max-width: 100%;"
+                                                ng-click="vm.openGranularPermissionsPicker()">
                                             <localize key="general_add">Add</localize>
-                                        </a>
+                                        </button>
                                     </umb-control-group>
                                     
                                 </umb-box-content>
@@ -155,13 +153,11 @@
                                         on-remove="vm.removeSelectedItem($index, vm.userGroup.users)">
                                     </umb-user-preview>
 
-                                    <a href=""
-                                        style="max-width: 100%;"
-                                        class="umb-node-preview-add"
-                                        ng-click="vm.openUserPicker()"
-                                        prevent-default>
+                                    <button type="button"
+                                            class="umb-node-preview-add"
+                                            ng-click="vm.openUserPicker()">
                                         <localize key="general_add">Add</localize>
-                                    </a>
+                                    </button>
 
                                 </umb-box-content>
                             </umb-box>

src/Umbraco.Web.UI.Client/src/views/users/views/user/details.html

@@ -75,13 +75,11 @@
                                             on-remove="model.removeSelectedItem($index, model.user.userGroups)">
                     </umb-user-group-preview>
 
-                    <a href=""
-                       style="max-width: 100%;"
-                       class="umb-node-preview-add"
-                       ng-click="model.openUserGroupPicker()"
-                       prevent-default>
+                    <button type="button"
+                            class="umb-node-preview-add"
+                            ng-click="model.openUserGroupPicker()">
                         <localize key="general_add">Add</localize>
-                    </a>
+                    </button>
 
                 </umb-control-group>
 
@@ -100,13 +98,12 @@
                                       name="model.labels.noStartNodes">
                     </umb-node-preview>
 
-                    <a href=""
-                       class="umb-node-preview-add"
-                       id="content-start-add"
-                       ng-click="model.openContentPicker()"
-                       prevent-default>
+                    <button type="button"
+                            class="umb-node-preview-add"
+                            id="content-start-add"
+                            ng-click="model.openContentPicker()">
                         <localize key="general_add">Add</localize>
-                    </a>
+                    </button>
 
                 </umb-control-group>
 
@@ -125,13 +122,12 @@
                                       name="model.labels.noStartNodes">
                     </umb-node-preview>
 
-                    <a href=""
-                       class="umb-node-preview-add"
-                       ng-click="model.openMediaPicker()"
-                       id="media-start-add"
-                       prevent-default>
+                    <button type="button"
+                            class="umb-node-preview-add"
+                            ng-click="model.openMediaPicker()"
+                            id="media-start-add">
                         <localize key="general_add">Add</localize>
-                    </a>
+                    </button>
 
                 </umb-control-group>
 

src/Umbraco.Web.UI/Umbraco/PartialViewMacros/Templates/Gallery.cshtml

@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@
             @* a single image *@
             if (media.IsDocumentType("Image"))
             {
-                @Render(media);
+                @Render(media)
             }
 
             @* a folder with images under it *@
             foreach (var image in media.Children(Current.VariationContextAccessor))
             {
-                @Render(image);
+                @Render(image)
             }
         }
     </div>

src/Umbraco.Web.UI/Views/Partials/Grid/Bootstrap3-Fluid.cshtml

@@ -2,31 +2,31 @@
 @using Umbraco.Web.Templates
 @using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq
 
-@* 
+@*
     Razor helpers located at the bottom of this file
 *@
 
 @if (Model != null && Model.sections != null)
 {
     var oneColumn = ((System.Collections.ICollection)Model.sections).Count == 1;
-    
+
     <div class="umb-grid">
         @if (oneColumn)
         {
             foreach (var section in Model.sections) {
                 <div class="grid-section">
                     @foreach (var row in section.rows) {
-                        @renderRow(row);
+                        @renderRow(row)
                     }
                 </div>
-            }   
-        }else { 
+            }
+        }else {
             <div class="row clearfix">
                 @foreach (var s in Model.sections) {
                     <div class="grid-section">
                         <div class="col-md-@s.grid column">
                             @foreach (var row in s.rows) {
-                                @renderRow(row);
+                                @renderRow(row)
                             }
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -85,4 +85,4 @@
 
         return new MvcHtmlString(string.Join(" ", attrs));
     }
-}
+}

src/Umbraco.Web.UI/Views/Partials/Grid/Bootstrap3.cshtml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
             foreach (var section in Model.sections) {
                 <div class="grid-section">
                     @foreach (var row in section.rows) {
-                        @renderRow(row, true);
+                        @renderRow(row, true)
                     }
                 </div>
             }
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
                         <div class="grid-section">
                             <div class="col-md-@s.grid column">
                                 @foreach (var row in s.rows) {
-                                    @renderRow(row, false);
+                                    @renderRow(row, false)
                                 }
                             </div>
                         </div>

src/Umbraco.Web/AspNet/AspNetHostingEnvironment.cs

@@ -49,11 +49,6 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Hosting
         }
 
         public string ToAbsolute(string virtualPath, string root) => VirtualPathUtility.ToAbsolute(virtualPath, root);
-        public void LazyRestartApplication()
-        {
-            HttpRuntime.UnloadAppDomain();
-        }
-
         public void RegisterObject(IRegisteredObject registeredObject)
         {
             var wrapped = new RegisteredObjectWrapper(registeredObject);

src/Umbraco.Web/AspNet/AspNetUmbracoApplicationLifetime.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Web;
+using Umbraco.Net;
+
+namespace Umbraco.Web.AspNet
+{
+    public class AspNetUmbracoApplicationLifetime : IUmbracoApplicationLifetime
+    {
+        private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;
+
+        public AspNetUmbracoApplicationLifetime(IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
+        {
+            _httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
+        }
+
+        public bool IsRestarting { get; set; }
+
+        public void Restart()
+        {
+            IsRestarting = true;
+
+            var httpContext = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext;
+            if (httpContext != null)
+            {
+                // unload app domain - we must null out all identities otherwise we get serialization errors
+                // http://www.zpqrtbnk.net/posts/custom-iidentity-serialization-issue
+                httpContext.User = null;
+            }
+
+            Thread.CurrentPrincipal = null;
+            HttpRuntime.UnloadAppDomain();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Umbraco.Web/AspNet/AspNetUserAgentProvider.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+using Umbraco.Net;
+
+namespace Umbraco.Web.AspNet
+{
+    public class AspNetUserAgentProvider : IUserAgentProvider
+    {
+        private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;
+
+        public AspNetUserAgentProvider(IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
+        {
+            _httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
+        }
+
+        public string GetUserAgent()
+        {
+            return _httpContextAccessor.GetRequiredHttpContext().Request.UserAgent;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Umbraco.Web/Cache/WebCachingAppCache.cs

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Cache
 
         protected override void EnterWriteLock()
         {
-            _locker.EnterWriteLock();;
+            _locker.EnterWriteLock();
         }
 
         protected override void ExitReadLock()

src/Umbraco.Web/Composing/Current.cs

@@ -263,7 +263,8 @@ namespace Umbraco.Web.Composing
         public static IUmbracoVersion UmbracoVersion => Factory.GetInstance<IUmbracoVersion>();
         public static IPublishedUrlProvider PublishedUrlProvider => Factory.GetInstance<IPublishedUrlProvider>();
         public static IMenuItemCollectionFactory MenuItemCollectionFactory => Factory.GetInstance<IMenuItemCollectionFactory>();
-        public static MembershipHelper MembershipHelper => Factory.GetInstance<MembershipHelper>();
+        public static MembershipHelper MembershipHelper  => Factory.GetInstance<MembershipHelper>();
+        public static IUmbracoApplicationLifetime UmbracoApplicationLifetime  => Factory.GetInstance<IUmbracoApplicationLifetime>();
 
         #endregion
     }