Umbraco-CMS/src/Umbraco.Core/Models/PublishedContent/PublishedModelFactory.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Reflection;

namespace Umbraco.Cms.Core.Models.PublishedContent
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Implements a strongly typed content model factory
    /// </summary>
    public class PublishedModelFactory : IPublishedModelFactory
    {
        private readonly Dictionary<string, ModelInfo>? _modelInfos;
        private readonly Dictionary<string, Type> _modelTypeMap;
        private readonly IPublishedValueFallback _publishedValueFallback;

        private class ModelInfo
        {
            public Type? ParameterType { get; set; }

            public Func<object, IPublishedValueFallback, object>? Ctor { get; set; }

            public Type? ModelType { get; set; }

            public Func<IList>? ListCtor { get; set; }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="PublishedModelFactory"/> class with types.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="types">The model types.</param>
        /// <remarks>
        /// <para>Types must implement <c>IPublishedContent</c> and have a unique constructor that
        /// accepts one IPublishedContent as a parameter.</para>
        /// <para>To activate,</para>
        /// <code>
        /// var types = TypeLoader.Current.GetTypes{PublishedContentModel}();
        /// var factory = new PublishedContentModelFactoryImpl(types);
        /// PublishedContentModelFactoryResolver.Current.SetFactory(factory);
        /// </code>
        /// </remarks>
        public PublishedModelFactory(IEnumerable<Type> types, IPublishedValueFallback publishedValueFallback)
        {
            var modelInfos = new Dictionary<string, ModelInfo>(StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
            var modelTypeMap = new Dictionary<string, Type>(StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);

            foreach (var type in types)
            {
                // so... the model type has to implement a ctor with one parameter being, or inheriting from,
                // IPublishedElement - but it can be IPublishedContent - so we cannot get one precise ctor,
                // we have to iterate over all ctors and try to find the right one

                ConstructorInfo? constructor = null;
                Type? parameterType = null;

                foreach (var ctor in type.GetConstructors())
                {
                    var parms = ctor.GetParameters();
                    if (parms.Length == 2 && typeof(IPublishedElement).IsAssignableFrom(parms[0].ParameterType) && typeof(IPublishedValueFallback).IsAssignableFrom(parms[1].ParameterType))
                    {
                        if (constructor != null)
                        {
                            throw new InvalidOperationException($"Type {type.FullName} has more than one public constructor with one argument of type, or implementing, IPublishedElement.");
                        }

                        constructor = ctor;
                        parameterType = parms[0].ParameterType;
                    }
                }

                if (constructor == null)
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"Type {type.FullName} is missing a public constructor with one argument of type, or implementing, IPublishedElement.");
                }

                var attribute = type.GetCustomAttribute<PublishedModelAttribute>(false);
                var typeName = attribute == null ? type.Name : attribute.ContentTypeAlias;

                if (modelInfos.TryGetValue(typeName, out var modelInfo))
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"Both types '{type.AssemblyQualifiedName}' and '{modelInfo.ModelType?.AssemblyQualifiedName}' want to be a model type for content type with alias \"{typeName}\".");
                }

                // have to use an unsafe ctor because we don't know the types, really
                var modelCtor = ReflectionUtilities.EmitConstructorUnsafe<Func<object, IPublishedValueFallback, object>>(constructor);
                modelInfos[typeName] = new ModelInfo { ParameterType = parameterType, ModelType = type, Ctor = modelCtor };
                modelTypeMap[typeName] = type;
            }

            _modelInfos = modelInfos.Count > 0 ? modelInfos : null;
            _modelTypeMap = modelTypeMap;
            _publishedValueFallback = publishedValueFallback;
        }

        /// <inheritdoc />
        public IPublishedElement CreateModel(IPublishedElement element)
        {
            // fail fast
            if (_modelInfos is null || element.ContentType.Alias is null || !_modelInfos.TryGetValue(element.ContentType.Alias, out var modelInfo))
            {
                return element;
            }

            // ReSharper disable once UseMethodIsInstanceOfType
            if (modelInfo.ParameterType?.IsAssignableFrom(element.GetType()) == false)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException($"Model {modelInfo.ModelType} expects argument of type {modelInfo.ParameterType.FullName}, but got {element.GetType().FullName}.");
            }

            // can cast, because we checked when creating the ctor
            return (IPublishedElement)modelInfo.Ctor!(element, _publishedValueFallback);
        }

        /// <inheritdoc />
        public IList? CreateModelList(string? alias)
        {
            // fail fast
            if (_modelInfos is null || alias is null || !_modelInfos.TryGetValue(alias, out var modelInfo) || modelInfo.ModelType is null)
            {
                return new List<IPublishedElement>();
            }

            var ctor = modelInfo.ListCtor;
            if (ctor != null)
            {
                return ctor();
            }

            var listType = typeof(List<>).MakeGenericType(modelInfo.ModelType);
            ctor = modelInfo.ListCtor = ReflectionUtilities.EmitConstructor<Func<IList>>(declaring: listType);
            if (ctor is not null)
            {
                return ctor();
            }

            return null;
        }

        /// <inheritdoc />
        public Type GetModelType(string? alias)
        {
            // fail fast
            if (_modelInfos is null ||
                alias is null ||
                !_modelInfos.TryGetValue(alias, out var modelInfo) ||
                modelInfo.ModelType is null)
            {
                return typeof(IPublishedElement);
            }

            return modelInfo.ModelType;
        }

        /// <inheritdoc />
        public Type MapModelType(Type type)
            => ModelType.Map(type, _modelTypeMap);
    }
}