Umbraco-CMS/src/Umbraco.Web.BackOffice/Controllers/ContentController.cs

using System.Net.Mime;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Extensions;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Actions;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.ContentApps;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.DependencyInjection;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Dictionary;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Events;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Mapping;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Models;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Models.ContentEditing;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Models.Editors;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Models.Membership;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Models.Validation;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Persistence.Querying;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.PropertyEditors;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Routing;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Scoping;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Security;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Serialization;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Services;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Strings;
using Umbraco.Cms.Infrastructure.Persistence;
using Umbraco.Cms.Web.BackOffice.Authorization;
using Umbraco.Cms.Web.BackOffice.Filters;
using Umbraco.Cms.Web.BackOffice.ModelBinders;
using Umbraco.Cms.Web.Common.Attributes;
using Umbraco.Cms.Web.Common.Authorization;
using Umbraco.Extensions;

namespace Umbraco.Cms.Web.BackOffice.Controllers;

/// <summary>
///     The API controller used for editing content
/// </summary>
[PluginController(Constants.Web.Mvc.BackOfficeApiArea)]
[Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.TreeAccessDocuments)]
[ParameterSwapControllerActionSelector(nameof(GetById), "id", typeof(int), typeof(Guid), typeof(Udi))]
[ParameterSwapControllerActionSelector(nameof(GetNiceUrl), "id", typeof(int), typeof(Guid), typeof(Udi))]
public class ContentController : ContentControllerBase
{
    private readonly ActionCollection _actionCollection;
    private readonly Lazy<IDictionary<string, ILanguage>> _allLangs;
    private readonly IAuthorizationService _authorizationService;
    private readonly IBackOfficeSecurityAccessor _backofficeSecurityAccessor;
    private readonly IContentService _contentService;
    private readonly IContentTypeService _contentTypeService;
    private readonly IContentVersionService _contentVersionService;
    private readonly IDataTypeService _dataTypeService;
    private readonly IDomainService _domainService;
    private readonly IFileService _fileService;
    private readonly ILocalizationService _localizationService;
    private readonly ILocalizedTextService _localizedTextService;
    private readonly INotificationService _notificationService;
    private readonly ICultureImpactFactory _cultureImpactFactory;
    private readonly ILogger<ContentController> _logger;
    private readonly PropertyEditorCollection _propertyEditors;
    private readonly IPublishedUrlProvider _publishedUrlProvider;
    private readonly ICoreScopeProvider _scopeProvider;
    private readonly ISqlContext _sqlContext;
    private readonly IUmbracoMapper _umbracoMapper;
    private readonly IUserService _userService;

    [ActivatorUtilitiesConstructor]
    public ContentController(
        ICultureDictionary cultureDictionary,
        ILoggerFactory loggerFactory,
        IShortStringHelper shortStringHelper,
        IEventMessagesFactory eventMessages,
        ILocalizedTextService localizedTextService,
        PropertyEditorCollection propertyEditors,
        IContentService contentService,
        IUserService userService,
        IBackOfficeSecurityAccessor backofficeSecurityAccessor,
        IContentTypeService contentTypeService,
        IUmbracoMapper umbracoMapper,
        IPublishedUrlProvider publishedUrlProvider,
        IDomainService domainService,
        IDataTypeService dataTypeService,
        ILocalizationService localizationService,
        IFileService fileService,
        INotificationService notificationService,
        ActionCollection actionCollection,
        ISqlContext sqlContext,
        IJsonSerializer serializer,
        ICoreScopeProvider scopeProvider,
        IAuthorizationService authorizationService,
        IContentVersionService contentVersionService,
        ICultureImpactFactory cultureImpactFactory)
        : base(cultureDictionary, loggerFactory, shortStringHelper, eventMessages, localizedTextService, serializer)
    {
        _propertyEditors = propertyEditors;
        _contentService = contentService;
        _localizedTextService = localizedTextService;
        _userService = userService;
        _backofficeSecurityAccessor = backofficeSecurityAccessor;
        _contentTypeService = contentTypeService;
        _umbracoMapper = umbracoMapper;
        _publishedUrlProvider = publishedUrlProvider;
        _domainService = domainService;
        _dataTypeService = dataTypeService;
        _localizationService = localizationService;
        _fileService = fileService;
        _notificationService = notificationService;
        _actionCollection = actionCollection;
        _sqlContext = sqlContext;
        _authorizationService = authorizationService;
        _contentVersionService = contentVersionService;
        _cultureImpactFactory = cultureImpactFactory;
        _logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<ContentController>();
        _scopeProvider = scopeProvider;
        _allLangs = new Lazy<IDictionary<string, ILanguage>>(() =>
            _localizationService.GetAllLanguages().ToDictionary(x => x.IsoCode, x => x, StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase));
    }

    [Obsolete("Use constructor that accepts ICultureImpactService as a parameter, scheduled for removal in V12")]
    public ContentController(
        ICultureDictionary cultureDictionary,
        ILoggerFactory loggerFactory,
        IShortStringHelper shortStringHelper,
        IEventMessagesFactory eventMessages,
        ILocalizedTextService localizedTextService,
        PropertyEditorCollection propertyEditors,
        IContentService contentService,
        IUserService userService,
        IBackOfficeSecurityAccessor backofficeSecurityAccessor,
        IContentTypeService contentTypeService,
        IUmbracoMapper umbracoMapper,
        IPublishedUrlProvider publishedUrlProvider,
        IDomainService domainService,
        IDataTypeService dataTypeService,
        ILocalizationService localizationService,
        IFileService fileService,
        INotificationService notificationService,
        ActionCollection actionCollection,
        ISqlContext sqlContext,
        IJsonSerializer serializer,
        ICoreScopeProvider scopeProvider,
        IAuthorizationService authorizationService,
        IContentVersionService contentVersionService)
        : this(
            cultureDictionary,
            loggerFactory,
            shortStringHelper,
            eventMessages,
            localizedTextService,
            propertyEditors,
            contentService,
            userService,
            backofficeSecurityAccessor,
            contentTypeService,
            umbracoMapper,
            publishedUrlProvider,
            domainService,
            dataTypeService,
            localizationService,
            fileService,
            notificationService,
            actionCollection,
            sqlContext,
            serializer,
            scopeProvider,
            authorizationService,
            contentVersionService,
            StaticServiceProvider.Instance.GetRequiredService<ICultureImpactFactory>())
      {
      }

    public object? Domains { get; private set; }


    /// <summary>
    ///     Return content for the specified ids
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ids"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [FilterAllowedOutgoingContent(typeof(IEnumerable<ContentItemDisplay>))]
    public IEnumerable<ContentItemDisplay> GetByIds([FromQuery] int[] ids)
    {
        IEnumerable<IContent> foundContent = _contentService.GetByIds(ids);
        return foundContent.Select(MapToDisplay).WhereNotNull();
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Updates the permissions for a content item for a particular user group
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="saveModel"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     Permission check is done for letter 'R' which is for <see cref="ActionRights" /> which the user must have access to
    ///     update
    /// </remarks>
    public async Task<ActionResult<IEnumerable<AssignedUserGroupPermissions?>?>> PostSaveUserGroupPermissions(
        UserGroupPermissionsSave saveModel)
    {
        if (saveModel.ContentId <= 0)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        // TODO: Should non-admins be allowed to set granular permissions?

        IContent? content = _contentService.GetById(saveModel.ContentId);
        if (content == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        // Authorize...
        var resource = new ContentPermissionsResource(content, ActionRights.ActionLetter);
        AuthorizationResult authorizationResult =
            await _authorizationService.AuthorizeAsync(User, resource, AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionByResource);
        if (!authorizationResult.Succeeded)
        {
            return Forbid();
        }

        //current permissions explicitly assigned to this content item
        var contentPermissions = _contentService.GetPermissions(content)
            .ToDictionary(x => x.UserGroupId, x => x);

        IUserGroup[] allUserGroups = _userService.GetAllUserGroups().ToArray();

        //loop through each user group
        foreach (IUserGroup userGroup in allUserGroups)
        {
            //check if there's a permission set posted up for this user group
            if (saveModel.AssignedPermissions.TryGetValue(userGroup.Id, out IEnumerable<string>? groupPermissions))
            {
                if (groupPermissions is null)
                {
                    _userService.RemoveUserGroupPermissions(userGroup.Id, content.Id);
                    continue;
                }

                // Create a string collection of the assigned letters
                var groupPermissionCodes = groupPermissions.ToArray();
                // Check if they are the defaults, if so we should just remove them if they exist since it's more overhead having them stored
                if (contentPermissions.ContainsKey(userGroup.Id) == false || contentPermissions[userGroup.Id]
                        .AssignedPermissions.UnsortedSequenceEqual(groupPermissionCodes) == false)
                {
                    _userService.ReplaceUserGroupPermissions(userGroup.Id, groupPermissionCodes.Select(x => x[0]), content.Id);
                }
            }
        }

        return GetDetailedPermissions(content, allUserGroups);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Returns the user group permissions for user groups assigned to this node
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentId"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     Permission check is done for letter 'R' which is for <see cref="ActionRights" /> which the user must have access to
    ///     view
    /// </remarks>
    [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionAdministrationById)]
    public ActionResult<IEnumerable<AssignedUserGroupPermissions?>?> GetDetailedPermissions(int contentId)
    {
        if (contentId <= 0)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        IContent? content = _contentService.GetById(contentId);
        if (content == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        // TODO: Should non-admins be able to see detailed permissions?

        IEnumerable<IUserGroup> allUserGroups = _userService.GetAllUserGroups();

        return GetDetailedPermissions(content, allUserGroups);
    }

    private ActionResult<IEnumerable<AssignedUserGroupPermissions?>?> GetDetailedPermissions(
        IContent content,
        IEnumerable<IUserGroup> allUserGroups)
    {
        //get all user groups and map their default permissions to the AssignedUserGroupPermissions model.
        //we do this because not all groups will have true assigned permissions for this node so if they don't have assigned permissions, we need to show the defaults.

        List<AssignedUserGroupPermissions> defaultPermissionsByGroup =
            _umbracoMapper.MapEnumerable<IUserGroup, AssignedUserGroupPermissions>(allUserGroups);

        var defaultPermissionsAsDictionary = defaultPermissionsByGroup.WhereNotNull()
            .ToDictionary(x => Convert.ToInt32(x.Id), x => x);

        //get the actual assigned permissions
        EntityPermission[] assignedPermissionsByGroup = _contentService.GetPermissions(content).ToArray();

        //iterate over assigned and update the defaults with the real values
        foreach (EntityPermission assignedGroupPermission in assignedPermissionsByGroup)
        {
            AssignedUserGroupPermissions defaultUserGroupPermissions =
                defaultPermissionsAsDictionary[assignedGroupPermission.UserGroupId];

            //clone the default permissions model to the assigned ones
            defaultUserGroupPermissions.AssignedPermissions =
                AssignedUserGroupPermissions.ClonePermissions(defaultUserGroupPermissions.DefaultPermissions);

            //since there is custom permissions assigned to this node for this group, we need to clear all of the default permissions
            //and we'll re-check it if it's one of the explicitly assigned ones
            foreach (Permission permission in defaultUserGroupPermissions.AssignedPermissions.SelectMany(x => x.Value))
            {
                permission.Checked = false;
                permission.Checked =
                    assignedGroupPermission.AssignedPermissions.Contains(
                        permission.PermissionCode,
                        StringComparer.InvariantCulture);
            }
        }

        return defaultPermissionsByGroup;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Returns an item to be used to display the recycle bin for content
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public ActionResult<ContentItemDisplay> GetRecycleBin()
    {
        var apps = new List<ContentApp>
        {
            ListViewContentAppFactory.CreateContentApp(_dataTypeService, _propertyEditors, "recycleBin", "content", Constants.DataTypes.DefaultMembersListView)
        };
        apps[0].Active = true;
        var display = new ContentItemDisplay
        {
            Id = Constants.System.RecycleBinContent,
            ParentId = -1,
            ContentTypeAlias = "recycleBin",
            IsContainer = true,
            Path = "-1," + Constants.System.RecycleBinContent,
            Variants = new List<ContentVariantDisplay>
            {
                new()
                {
                    CreateDate = DateTime.Now,
                    Name = _localizedTextService.Localize("general", "recycleBin")
                }
            },
            ContentApps = apps
        };

        return display;
    }

    public ActionResult<ContentItemDisplay?> GetBlueprintById(int id)
    {
        IContent? foundContent = _contentService.GetBlueprintById(id);
        if (foundContent == null)
        {
            return HandleContentNotFound(id);
        }

        ContentItemDisplay? content = MapToDisplay(foundContent);

        if (content is not null)
        {
            SetupBlueprint(content, foundContent);
        }

        return content;
    }

    private static void SetupBlueprint(ContentItemDisplay content, IContent? persistedContent)
    {
        content.AllowPreview = false;

        //set a custom path since the tree that renders this has the content type id as the parent
        content.Path = string.Format("-1,{0},{1}", persistedContent?.ContentTypeId, content.Id);

        content.AllowedActions = new[] { "A" };
        content.IsBlueprint = true;

        // TODO: exclude the content apps here
        //var excludeProps = new[] { "_umb_urls", "_umb_releasedate", "_umb_expiredate", "_umb_template" };
        //var propsTab = content.Tabs.Last();
        //propsTab.Properties = propsTab.Properties
        //    .Where(p => excludeProps.Contains(p.Alias) == false);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets the content json for the content id
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionBrowseById)]
    public ActionResult<ContentItemDisplayWithSchedule?> GetById(int id)
    {
        IContent? foundContent = GetObjectFromRequest(() => _contentService.GetById(id));
        if (foundContent == null)
        {
            return HandleContentNotFound(id);
        }

        return MapToDisplayWithSchedule(foundContent);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets the content json for the content guid
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionBrowseById)]
    public ActionResult<ContentItemDisplayWithSchedule?> GetById(Guid id)
    {
        IContent? foundContent = GetObjectFromRequest(() => _contentService.GetById(id));
        if (foundContent == null)
        {
            return HandleContentNotFound(id);
        }

        return MapToDisplayWithSchedule(foundContent);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets the content json for the content udi
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionBrowseById)]
    public ActionResult<ContentItemDisplayWithSchedule?> GetById(Udi id)
    {
        var guidUdi = id as GuidUdi;
        if (guidUdi != null)
        {
            return GetById(guidUdi.Guid);
        }

        return NotFound();
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets an empty content item for the document type.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentTypeAlias"></param>
    /// <param name="parentId"></param>
    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    public ActionResult<ContentItemDisplay?> GetEmpty(string contentTypeAlias, int parentId)
    {
        IContentType? contentType = _contentTypeService.Get(contentTypeAlias);
        if (contentType == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        return GetEmptyInner(contentType, parentId);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets a dictionary containing empty content items for every alias specified in the contentTypeAliases array in the
    ///     body of the request.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     This is a post request in order to support a large amount of aliases without hitting the URL length limit.
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="contentTypesByAliases"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult<IDictionary<string, ContentItemDisplay>> GetEmptyByAliases(
        ContentTypesByAliases contentTypesByAliases)
    {
        // It's important to do this operation within a scope to reduce the amount of readlock queries.
        using ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope(autoComplete: true);
        IEnumerable<IContentType>? contentTypes = contentTypesByAliases.ContentTypeAliases
            ?.Select(alias => _contentTypeService.Get(alias)).WhereNotNull();
        return GetEmpties(contentTypes, contentTypesByAliases.ParentId).ToDictionary(x => x.ContentTypeAlias);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets an empty content item for the document type.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentTypeKey"></param>
    /// <param name="parentId"></param>
    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    public ActionResult<ContentItemDisplay?> GetEmptyByKey(Guid contentTypeKey, int parentId)
    {
        using (ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope())
        {
            IContentType? contentType = _contentTypeService.Get(contentTypeKey);
            if (contentType == null)
            {
                return NotFound();
            }

            ContentItemDisplay? contentItem = GetEmptyInner(contentType, parentId);
            scope.Complete();

            return contentItem;
        }
    }

    private ContentItemDisplay? GetEmptyInner(IContentType contentType, int parentId)
    {
        IContent emptyContent = _contentService.Create(string.Empty, parentId, contentType.Alias, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);
        ContentItemDisplay? mapped = MapToDisplay(emptyContent);

        if (mapped is null)
        {
            return null;
        }

        return CleanContentItemDisplay(mapped);
    }

    private ContentItemDisplay CleanContentItemDisplay(ContentItemDisplay display)
    {
        // translate the content type name if applicable
        display.ContentTypeName =
            _localizedTextService.UmbracoDictionaryTranslate(CultureDictionary, display.ContentTypeName);
        // if your user type doesn't have access to the Settings section it would not get this property mapped
        if (display.DocumentType != null)
        {
            display.DocumentType.Name =
                _localizedTextService.UmbracoDictionaryTranslate(CultureDictionary, display.DocumentType.Name);
            display.DocumentType.Description =
                _localizedTextService.UmbracoDictionaryTranslate(CultureDictionary, display.DocumentType.Description);
        }

        //remove the listview app if it exists
        display.ContentApps = display.ContentApps.Where(x => x.Alias != "umbListView").ToList();

        return display;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets an empty <see cref="ContentItemDisplay" /> for each content type in the IEnumerable, all with the same parent
    ///     ID
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>Will attempt to re-use the same permissions for every content as long as the path and user are the same</remarks>
    /// <param name="contentTypes"></param>
    /// <param name="parentId"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private IEnumerable<ContentItemDisplay> GetEmpties(IEnumerable<IContentType>? contentTypes, int parentId)
    {
        var result = new List<ContentItemDisplay>();
        IBackOfficeSecurity? backOfficeSecurity = _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity;

        var userId = backOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1;
        IUser? currentUser = backOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser;
        // We know that if the ID is less than 0 the parent is null.
        // Since this is called with parent ID it's safe to assume that the parent is the same for all the content types.
        IContent? parent = parentId > 0 ? _contentService.GetById(parentId) : null;
        // Since the parent is the same and the path used to get permissions is based on the parent we only have to do it once
        var path = parent == null ? "-1" : parent.Path;
        var permissions = new Dictionary<string, EntityPermissionSet>
        {
            [path] = _userService.GetPermissionsForPath(currentUser, path)
        };

        if (contentTypes is not null)
        {
            foreach (IContentType contentType in contentTypes)
            {
                IContent emptyContent = _contentService.Create(string.Empty, parentId, contentType, userId);

                ContentItemDisplay? mapped = MapToDisplay(emptyContent, context =>
                {
                    // Since the permissions depend on current user and path, we add both of these to context as well,
                    // that way we can compare the path and current user when mapping, if they're the same just take permissions
                    // and skip getting them again, in theory they should always be the same, but better safe than sorry.,
                    context.Items["Parent"] = parent;
                    context.Items["CurrentUser"] = currentUser;
                    context.Items["Permissions"] = permissions;
                });
                if (mapped is not null)
                {
                    result.Add(CleanContentItemDisplay(mapped));
                }
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    private ActionResult<IDictionary<Guid, ContentItemDisplay>> GetEmptyByKeysInternal(
        Guid[]? contentTypeKeys,
        int parentId)
    {
        using ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope(autoComplete: true);
        var contentTypes = _contentTypeService.GetAll(contentTypeKeys).ToList();
        return GetEmpties(contentTypes, parentId).ToDictionary(x => x.ContentTypeKey);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets a collection of empty content items for all document types.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentTypeKeys"></param>
    /// <param name="parentId"></param>
    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    public ActionResult<IDictionary<Guid, ContentItemDisplay>> GetEmptyByKeys(
        [FromQuery] Guid[] contentTypeKeys,
        [FromQuery] int parentId) => GetEmptyByKeysInternal(contentTypeKeys, parentId);

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets a collection of empty content items for all document types.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     This is a post request in order to support a large amount of GUIDs without hitting the URL length limit.
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="contentTypeByKeys"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [HttpPost]
    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    public ActionResult<IDictionary<Guid, ContentItemDisplay>> GetEmptyByKeys(ContentTypesByKeys contentTypeByKeys) =>
        GetEmptyByKeysInternal(contentTypeByKeys.ContentTypeKeys, contentTypeByKeys.ParentId);

    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    public ActionResult<ContentItemDisplay?> GetEmptyBlueprint(int blueprintId, int parentId)
    {
        IContent? blueprint = _contentService.GetBlueprintById(blueprintId);
        if (blueprint == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        blueprint.Id = 0;
        blueprint.Name = string.Empty;
        blueprint.ParentId = parentId;

        ContentItemDisplay? mapped = _umbracoMapper.Map<ContentItemDisplay>(blueprint);

        if (mapped is not null)
        {
            //remove the listview app if it exists
            mapped.ContentApps = mapped.ContentApps.Where(x => x.Alias != "umbListView").ToList();
        }

        return mapped;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets the Url for a given node ID
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public IActionResult GetNiceUrl(int id)
    {
        var url = _publishedUrlProvider.GetUrl(id);
        return Content(url, MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain, Encoding.UTF8);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets the Url for a given node ID
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public IActionResult GetNiceUrl(Guid id)
    {
        var url = _publishedUrlProvider.GetUrl(id);
        return Content(url, MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain, Encoding.UTF8);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets the Url for a given node ID
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public IActionResult GetNiceUrl(Udi id)
    {
        var guidUdi = id as GuidUdi;
        if (guidUdi != null)
        {
            return GetNiceUrl(guidUdi.Guid);
        }

        return NotFound();
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Gets the children for the content id passed in
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [FilterAllowedOutgoingContent(typeof(IEnumerable<ContentItemBasic<ContentPropertyBasic>>), "Items")]
    public PagedResult<ContentItemBasic<ContentPropertyBasic>> GetChildren(
        int id,
        string includeProperties,
        int pageNumber = 0,
        int pageSize = 0,
        string orderBy = "SortOrder",
        Direction orderDirection = Direction.Ascending,
        bool orderBySystemField = true,
        string filter = "",
        string cultureName = "") // TODO: it's not a NAME it's the ISO CODE
    {
        long totalChildren;
        List<IContent> children;

        // Sets the culture to the only existing culture if we only have one culture.
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(cultureName))
        {
            if (_allLangs.Value.Count == 1)
            {
                cultureName = _allLangs.Value.First().Key;
            }
        }

        if (pageNumber > 0 && pageSize > 0)
        {
            IQuery<IContent>? queryFilter = null;
            if (filter.IsNullOrWhiteSpace() == false)
            {
                //add the default text filter
                queryFilter = _sqlContext.Query<IContent>()
                    .Where(x => x.Name != null)
                    .Where(x => x.Name!.Contains(filter));
            }

            children = _contentService
                .GetPagedChildren(id, pageNumber - 1, pageSize, out totalChildren, queryFilter, Ordering.By(orderBy, orderDirection, cultureName, !orderBySystemField)).ToList();
        }
        else
        {
            //better to not use this without paging where possible, currently only the sort dialog does
            children = _contentService.GetPagedChildren(id, 0, int.MaxValue, out var total).ToList();
            totalChildren = children.Count;
        }

        if (totalChildren == 0)
        {
            return new PagedResult<ContentItemBasic<ContentPropertyBasic>>(0, 0, 0);
        }

        var pagedResult = new PagedResult<ContentItemBasic<ContentPropertyBasic>>(totalChildren, pageNumber, pageSize)
        {
            Items = children.Select(content =>
                _umbracoMapper.Map<IContent, ContentItemBasic<ContentPropertyBasic>>(
                    content,
                    context =>
                    {
                        context.SetCulture(cultureName);

                        // if there's a list of property aliases to map - we will make sure to store this in the mapping context.
                        if (!includeProperties.IsNullOrWhiteSpace())
                        {
                            context.SetIncludedProperties(includeProperties.Split(
                                new[] { ", ", "," },
                                StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries));
                        }
                    }))
            .WhereNotNull()
            .ToList() // evaluate now
        };

        return pagedResult;
    }
    /// <summary>
    ///     Creates a blueprint from a content item
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentId">The content id to copy</param>
    /// <param name="name">The name of the blueprint</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult<SimpleNotificationModel> CreateBlueprintFromContent(
        [FromQuery] int contentId,
        [FromQuery] string name)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("Value cannot be null or whitespace.", nameof(name));
        }

        IContent? content = _contentService.GetById(contentId);
        if (content == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        if (!EnsureUniqueName(name, content, nameof(name)))
        {
            return ValidationProblem(ModelState);
        }

        IContent blueprint = _contentService.CreateContentFromBlueprint(content, name, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);

        _contentService.SaveBlueprint(
            blueprint,
            _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);

        var notificationModel = new SimpleNotificationModel();
        notificationModel.AddSuccessNotification(
            _localizedTextService.Localize("blueprints", "createdBlueprintHeading"),
            _localizedTextService.Localize("blueprints", "createdBlueprintMessage", new[] { content.Name }));

        return notificationModel;
    }

    private bool EnsureUniqueName(string? name, IContent? content, string modelName)
    {
        if (content is null)
        {
            return false;
        }

        IEnumerable<IContent>? existing = _contentService.GetBlueprintsForContentTypes(content.ContentTypeId);
        if (existing?.Any(x => x.Name == name && x.Id != content.Id) ?? false)
        {
            ModelState.AddModelError(modelName, _localizedTextService.Localize("blueprints", "duplicateBlueprintMessage"));
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Saves content
    /// </summary>
    [FileUploadCleanupFilter]
    [ContentSaveValidation]
    public async Task<ActionResult<ContentItemDisplay<ContentVariantDisplay>?>?> PostSaveBlueprint(
        [ModelBinder(typeof(BlueprintItemBinder))] ContentItemSave contentItem)
    {
        ActionResult<ContentItemDisplay<ContentVariantDisplay>?> contentItemDisplay = await PostSaveInternal(
            contentItem,
            (content, _) =>
            {
                if (!EnsureUniqueName(content?.Name, content, "Name") || contentItem.PersistedContent is null)
                {
                    return OperationResult.Cancel(new EventMessages());
                }

                _contentService.SaveBlueprint(contentItem.PersistedContent, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser?.Id ?? -1);

                // we need to reuse the underlying logic so return the result that it wants
                return OperationResult.Succeed(new EventMessages());
            },
            content =>
            {
                ContentItemDisplay? display = MapToDisplay(content);
                if (display is not null)
                {
                    SetupBlueprint(display, content);
                }

                return display;
            });

        return contentItemDisplay;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Saves content
    /// </summary>
    [FileUploadCleanupFilter]
    [ContentSaveValidation]
    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    public async Task<ActionResult<ContentItemDisplay<ContentVariantScheduleDisplay>?>> PostSave(
        [ModelBinder(typeof(ContentItemBinder))] ContentItemSave contentItem)
    {
        ActionResult<ContentItemDisplay<ContentVariantScheduleDisplay>?> contentItemDisplay = await PostSaveInternal(
            contentItem,
            (content, contentSchedule) => _contentService.Save(content, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser?.Id, contentSchedule),
            MapToDisplayWithSchedule);

        return contentItemDisplay;
    }

    private async Task<ActionResult<ContentItemDisplay<TVariant>?>> PostSaveInternal<TVariant>(
        ContentItemSave contentItem,
        Func<IContent, ContentScheduleCollection?, OperationResult>? saveMethod,
        Func<IContent?, ContentItemDisplay<TVariant>?> mapToDisplay)
        where TVariant : ContentVariantDisplay
    {
        // Recent versions of IE/Edge may send in the full client side file path instead of just the file name.
        // To ensure similar behavior across all browsers no matter what they do - we strip the FileName property of all
        // uploaded files to being *only* the actual file name (as it should be).
        if (contentItem.UploadedFiles != null && contentItem.UploadedFiles.Any())
        {
            foreach (ContentPropertyFile file in contentItem.UploadedFiles)
            {
                file.FileName = Path.GetFileName(file.FileName);
            }
        }

        // If we've reached here it means:
        // * Our model has been bound
        // * and validated
        // * any file attachments have been saved to their temporary location for us to use
        // * we have a reference to the DTO object and the persisted object
        // * Permissions are valid
        MapValuesForPersistence(contentItem);

        var passesCriticalValidationRules = ValidateCriticalData(contentItem, out var variantCount);

        // we will continue to save if model state is invalid, however we cannot save if critical data is missing.
        if (!ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            // Don't try and save if we do not have access
            if (ModelState.Keys.Contains(Constants.ModelStateErrorKeys.PermissionError))
            {
                var forDisplay = mapToDisplay(contentItem.PersistedContent);
                return ValidationProblem(forDisplay, ModelState);
            }

            // check for critical data validation issues, we can't continue saving if this data is invalid
            if (!passesCriticalValidationRules)
            {
                // ok, so the absolute mandatory data is invalid and it's new, we cannot actually continue!
                // add the model state to the outgoing object and throw a validation message
                ContentItemDisplay<TVariant>? forDisplay = mapToDisplay(contentItem.PersistedContent);
                return ValidationProblem(forDisplay, ModelState);
            }

            // if there's only one variant and the model state is not valid we cannot publish so change it to save
            if (variantCount == 1)
            {
                switch (contentItem.Action)
                {
                    case ContentSaveAction.Publish:
                    case ContentSaveAction.PublishWithDescendants:
                    case ContentSaveAction.PublishWithDescendantsForce:
                    case ContentSaveAction.SendPublish:
                    case ContentSaveAction.Schedule:
                        contentItem.Action = ContentSaveAction.Save;
                        break;
                    case ContentSaveAction.PublishNew:
                    case ContentSaveAction.PublishWithDescendantsNew:
                    case ContentSaveAction.PublishWithDescendantsForceNew:
                    case ContentSaveAction.SendPublishNew:
                    case ContentSaveAction.ScheduleNew:
                        contentItem.Action = ContentSaveAction.SaveNew;
                        break;
                }
            }
        }

        bool wasCancelled;

        //used to track successful notifications
        var globalNotifications = new SimpleNotificationModel();
        var notifications = new Dictionary<string, SimpleNotificationModel>
        {
            //global (non variant specific) notifications
            [string.Empty] = globalNotifications
        };

        //The default validation language will be either: The default languauge, else if the content is brand new and the default culture is
        // not marked to be saved, it will be the first culture in the list marked for saving.
        var defaultCulture = _allLangs.Value.Values.FirstOrDefault(x => x.IsDefault)?.IsoCode;
        var cultureForInvariantErrors = _cultureImpactFactory.GetCultureForInvariantErrors(
        contentItem.PersistedContent,
        contentItem.Variants.Where(x => x.Save).Select(x => x.Culture).ToArray(),
        defaultCulture);

        //get the updated model
        var isBlueprint = contentItem.PersistedContent?.Blueprint ?? false;

        var contentSavedHeader = isBlueprint ? "editBlueprintSavedHeader" : "editContentSavedHeader";
        var contentSavedText = isBlueprint ? "editBlueprintSavedText" : "editContentSavedText";

        switch (contentItem.Action)
        {
            case ContentSaveAction.Save:
            case ContentSaveAction.SaveNew:
                SaveAndNotify(
                    contentItem,
                    saveMethod,
                    variantCount,
                    notifications,
                    globalNotifications,
                    contentSavedHeader,
                    contentSavedText,
                    "editVariantSavedText",
                    cultureForInvariantErrors,
                    null,
                    out wasCancelled);
                break;
            case ContentSaveAction.Schedule:
            case ContentSaveAction.ScheduleNew:
                ContentScheduleCollection contentSchedule =
                    _contentService.GetContentScheduleByContentId(contentItem.Id);
                if (!SaveSchedule(contentItem, contentSchedule, globalNotifications))
                {
                    wasCancelled = false;
                    break;
                }

                SaveAndNotify(
                    contentItem,
                    saveMethod,
                    variantCount,
                    notifications,
                    globalNotifications,
                    "editContentSavedHeader",
                    "editContentScheduledSavedText",
                    "editVariantSavedText",
                    cultureForInvariantErrors,
                    contentSchedule,
                    out wasCancelled);
                break;

            case ContentSaveAction.SendPublish:
            case ContentSaveAction.SendPublishNew:
                var sendResult = _contentService.SendToPublication(contentItem.PersistedContent, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser?.Id ?? -1);
                wasCancelled = sendResult == false;
                if (sendResult)
                {
                    if (variantCount > 1)
                    {
                        IReadOnlyList<(string? culture, string? segment)>? variantErrors =
                            ModelState.GetVariantsWithErrors(cultureForInvariantErrors);

                        if (variantErrors is not null)
                        {
                            IEnumerable<(string? culture, string? segment)> validVariants = contentItem.Variants
                                .Where(x => x.Save && !variantErrors.Contains((x.Culture, x.Segment)))
                                .Select(x => (culture: x.Culture, segment: x.Segment));

                            foreach ((string? culture, string? segment) in validVariants)
                            {
                                var variantName = GetVariantName(culture, segment);

                                AddSuccessNotification(
                                    notifications,
                                    culture,
                                    segment,
                                    _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editContentSendToPublish"),
                                    _localizedTextService.Localize(
                                        "speechBubbles",
                                        "editVariantSendToPublishText",
                                        new[]
                                        {
                                            variantName
                                        }));
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else if (ModelState.IsValid)
                    {
                        globalNotifications.AddSuccessNotification(
                            _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editContentSendToPublish"),
                            _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editContentSendToPublishText"));
                    }
                }

                break;
            case ContentSaveAction.Publish:
            case ContentSaveAction.PublishNew:
            {
                PublishResult publishStatus = PublishInternal(contentItem, defaultCulture, cultureForInvariantErrors, out wasCancelled, out var successfulCultures);
                // Add warnings if domains are not set up correctly
                AddDomainWarnings(publishStatus.Content, successfulCultures, globalNotifications);
                AddPublishStatusNotifications(new[] { publishStatus }, globalNotifications, notifications, successfulCultures);
            }
            break;
            case ContentSaveAction.PublishWithDescendants:
            case ContentSaveAction.PublishWithDescendantsNew:
            {
                if (!await ValidatePublishBranchPermissionsAsync(contentItem))
                {
                    globalNotifications.AddErrorNotification(
                        _localizedTextService.Localize(null, "publish"),
                        _localizedTextService.Localize("publish", "invalidPublishBranchPermissions"));
                    wasCancelled = false;
                    break;
                }

                var publishStatus = PublishBranchInternal(contentItem, false, cultureForInvariantErrors, out wasCancelled, out var successfulCultures).ToList();
                AddDomainWarnings(publishStatus, successfulCultures, globalNotifications);
                AddPublishStatusNotifications(publishStatus, globalNotifications, notifications, successfulCultures);
            }
            break;
            case ContentSaveAction.PublishWithDescendantsForce:
            case ContentSaveAction.PublishWithDescendantsForceNew:
            {
                if (!await ValidatePublishBranchPermissionsAsync(contentItem))
                {
                    globalNotifications.AddErrorNotification(
                        _localizedTextService.Localize(null, "publish"),
                        _localizedTextService.Localize("publish", "invalidPublishBranchPermissions"));
                    wasCancelled = false;
                    break;
                }

                var publishStatus = PublishBranchInternal(contentItem, true, cultureForInvariantErrors, out wasCancelled, out var successfulCultures).ToList();
                AddPublishStatusNotifications(publishStatus, globalNotifications, notifications, successfulCultures);
            }
            break;
            default:
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
        }

        // We have to map do display after we've actually saved the content, otherwise we'll miss information that's set when saving content, such as ID
        ContentItemDisplay<TVariant>? display = mapToDisplay(contentItem.PersistedContent);

        //merge the tracked success messages with the outgoing model
        display?.Notifications.AddRange(globalNotifications.Notifications);
        if (display?.Variants is not null)
        {
            foreach (TVariant v in display.Variants.Where(x => x.Language != null))
            {
                if (v.Language?.IsoCode is not null &&
                    notifications.TryGetValue(v.Language.IsoCode, out SimpleNotificationModel? n))
                {
                    v.Notifications.AddRange(n.Notifications);
                }
            }
        }

        //lastly, if it is not valid, add the model state to the outgoing object and throw a 400
        HandleInvalidModelState(display, cultureForInvariantErrors);

        if (!ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            return ValidationProblem(display, ModelState);
        }

        if (wasCancelled)
        {
            AddCancelMessage(display);
            if (IsCreatingAction(contentItem.Action))
            {
                //If the item is new and the operation was cancelled, we need to return a different
                // status code so the UI can handle it since it won't be able to redirect since there
                // is no Id to redirect to!
                return ValidationProblem(display);
            }
        }

        if (display is not null)
        {
            display.PersistedContent = contentItem.PersistedContent;
        }

        return display;
    }

    private void AddPublishStatusNotifications(
        IReadOnlyCollection<PublishResult> publishStatus,
        SimpleNotificationModel globalNotifications,
        Dictionary<string, SimpleNotificationModel> variantNotifications,
        string[]? successfulCultures)
    {
        //global notifications
        AddMessageForPublishStatus(publishStatus, globalNotifications, successfulCultures);
        //variant specific notifications
        foreach (var c in successfulCultures ?? Array.Empty<string>())
        {
            AddMessageForPublishStatus(publishStatus, variantNotifications.GetOrCreate(c), successfulCultures);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Validates critical data for persistence and updates the ModelState and result accordingly
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentItem"></param>
    /// <param name="variantCount">Returns the total number of variants (will be one if it's an invariant content item)</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     For invariant, the variants collection count will be 1 and this will check if that invariant item has the critical
    ///     values for persistence (i.e. Name)
    ///     For variant, each variant will be checked for critical data for persistence and if it's not there then it's flags
    ///     will be reset and it will not
    ///     be persisted. However, we also need to deal with the case where all variants don't pass this check and then there
    ///     is nothing to save. This also deals
    ///     with removing the Name validation keys based on data annotations validation for items that haven't been marked to
    ///     be saved.
    /// </remarks>
    /// <returns>
    ///     returns false if persistence cannot take place, returns true if persistence can take place even if there are
    ///     validation errors
    /// </returns>
    private bool ValidateCriticalData(ContentItemSave contentItem, out int variantCount)
    {
        var variants = contentItem.Variants.ToList();
        variantCount = variants.Count;
        var savedCount = 0;
        var variantCriticalValidationErrors = new List<string>();
        for (var i = 0; i < variants.Count; i++)
        {
            ContentVariantSave variant = variants[i];
            if (variant.Save)
            {
                //ensure the variant has all critical required data to be persisted
                if (!RequiredForPersistenceAttribute.HasRequiredValuesForPersistence(variant))
                {
                    if (variant.Culture is not null)
                    {
                        variantCriticalValidationErrors.Add(variant.Culture);
                    }

                    //if there's no Name, it cannot be persisted at all reset the flags, this cannot be saved or published
                    variant.Save = variant.Publish = false;

                    //if there's more than 1 variant, then we need to add the culture specific error
                    //messages based on the variants in error so that the messages show in the publish/save dialog
                    if (variants.Count > 1)
                    {
                        AddVariantValidationError(variant.Culture, variant.Segment, "publish", "contentPublishedFailedByMissingName");
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false; //It's invariant and is missing critical data, it cannot be saved
                    }
                }

                savedCount++;
            }
            else
            {
                var msKey = $"Variants[{i}].Name";
                if (ModelState.ContainsKey(msKey))
                {
                    //if it's not being saved, remove the validation key
                    if (!variant.Save)
                    {
                        ModelState.Remove(msKey);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if (savedCount == variantCriticalValidationErrors.Count)
        {
            //in this case there can be nothing saved since all variants marked to be saved haven't passed critical validation rules
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }


    /// <summary>
    ///     Helper method to perform the saving of the content and add the notifications to the result
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentItem"></param>
    /// <param name="saveMethod"></param>
    /// <param name="variantCount"></param>
    /// <param name="notifications"></param>
    /// <param name="globalNotifications"></param>
    /// <param name="invariantSavedLocalizationAlias"></param>
    /// <param name="variantSavedLocalizationAlias"></param>
    /// <param name="wasCancelled"></param>
    /// <param name="savedContentHeaderLocalizationAlias"></param>
    /// <param name="cultureForInvariantErrors"></param>
    /// <param name="contentSchedule"></param>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     Method is used for normal Saving and Scheduled Publishing
    /// </remarks>
    private void SaveAndNotify(
        ContentItemSave contentItem,
        Func<IContent, ContentScheduleCollection?, OperationResult>? saveMethod,
        int variantCount,
        Dictionary<string, SimpleNotificationModel> notifications,
        SimpleNotificationModel globalNotifications,
        string savedContentHeaderLocalizationAlias,
        string invariantSavedLocalizationAlias,
        string variantSavedLocalizationAlias,
        string? cultureForInvariantErrors,
        ContentScheduleCollection? contentSchedule,
        out bool wasCancelled)
    {
        OperationResult? saveResult = saveMethod?.Invoke(contentItem.PersistedContent, contentSchedule);
        wasCancelled = saveResult?.Success == false && saveResult.Result == OperationResultType.FailedCancelledByEvent;
        if (saveResult?.Success ?? false)
        {
            if (variantCount > 1)
            {
                IReadOnlyList<(string? culture, string? segment)>? variantErrors =
                    ModelState.GetVariantsWithErrors(cultureForInvariantErrors);

                IEnumerable<(string? culture, string? segment)> savedWithoutErrors = contentItem.Variants
                    .Where(x => x.Save && (!variantErrors?.Contains((x.Culture, x.Segment)) ?? false))
                    .Select(x => (culture: x.Culture, segment: x.Segment));

                foreach ((string? culture, string? segment) in savedWithoutErrors)
                {
                    var variantName = GetVariantName(culture, segment);

                    AddSuccessNotification(
                        notifications,
                        culture,
                        segment,
                        _localizedTextService.Localize(
                            "speechBubbles",
                            savedContentHeaderLocalizationAlias),
                        _localizedTextService.Localize(null, variantSavedLocalizationAlias, new[]
                            {
                                variantName
                            }));
                }
            }
            else if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                globalNotifications.AddSuccessNotification(
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", savedContentHeaderLocalizationAlias),
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", invariantSavedLocalizationAlias));
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Validates the incoming schedule and update the model
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentItem"></param>
    /// <param name="contentSchedule"></param>
    /// <param name="globalNotifications"></param>
    private bool SaveSchedule(ContentItemSave contentItem, ContentScheduleCollection contentSchedule, SimpleNotificationModel globalNotifications)
    {
        if (!contentItem.PersistedContent?.ContentType.VariesByCulture() ?? false)
        {
            return SaveScheduleInvariant(contentItem, contentSchedule, globalNotifications);
        }

        return SaveScheduleVariant(contentItem, contentSchedule);
    }

    private bool SaveScheduleInvariant(ContentItemSave contentItem, ContentScheduleCollection contentSchedule, SimpleNotificationModel globalNotifications)
    {
        ContentVariantSave variant = contentItem.Variants.First();

        var currRelease = contentSchedule.GetSchedule(ContentScheduleAction.Release).ToList();
        var currExpire = contentSchedule.GetSchedule(ContentScheduleAction.Expire).ToList();

        //Do all validation of data first

        //1) release date cannot be less than now
        if (variant.ReleaseDate.HasValue && variant.ReleaseDate < DateTime.Now)
        {
            globalNotifications.AddErrorNotification(
                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "validationFailedHeader"),
                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "scheduleErrReleaseDate1"));
            return false;
        }

        //2) expire date cannot be less than now
        if (variant.ExpireDate.HasValue && variant.ExpireDate < DateTime.Now)
        {
            globalNotifications.AddErrorNotification(
                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "validationFailedHeader"),
                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "scheduleErrExpireDate1"));
            return false;
        }

        //3) expire date cannot be less than release date
        if (variant.ExpireDate.HasValue && variant.ReleaseDate.HasValue && variant.ExpireDate <= variant.ReleaseDate)
        {
            globalNotifications.AddErrorNotification(
                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "validationFailedHeader"),
                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "scheduleErrExpireDate2"));
            return false;
        }


        //Now we can do the data updates

        //remove any existing release dates so we can replace it
        //if there is a release date in the request or if there was previously a release and the request value is null then we are clearing the schedule
        if (variant.ReleaseDate.HasValue || currRelease.Count > 0)
        {
            contentSchedule.Clear(ContentScheduleAction.Release);
        }

        //remove any existing expire dates so we can replace it
        //if there is an expiry date in the request or if there was a previous expiry and the request value is null then we are clearing the schedule
        if (variant.ExpireDate.HasValue || currExpire.Count > 0)
        {
            contentSchedule.Clear(ContentScheduleAction.Expire);
        }

        //add the new schedule
        contentSchedule.Add(variant.ReleaseDate, variant.ExpireDate);
        return true;
    }

    private bool SaveScheduleVariant(ContentItemSave contentItem, ContentScheduleCollection contentSchedule)
    {
        //All variants in this collection should have a culture if we get here but we'll double check and filter here)
        var cultureVariants = contentItem.Variants.Where(x => !x.Culture.IsNullOrWhiteSpace()).ToList();
        var mandatoryCultures = _allLangs.Value.Values.Where(x => x.IsMandatory).Select(x => x.IsoCode).ToList();

        foreach (ContentVariantSave variant in cultureVariants.Where(x => x.Save))
        {
            var currRelease = contentSchedule.GetSchedule(variant.Culture, ContentScheduleAction.Release).ToList();
            var currExpire = contentSchedule.GetSchedule(variant.Culture, ContentScheduleAction.Expire).ToList();

            //remove any existing release dates so we can replace it
            //if there is a release date in the request or if there was previously a release and the request value is null then we are clearing the schedule
            if (variant.ReleaseDate.HasValue || currRelease.Count > 0)
            {
                contentSchedule.Clear(variant.Culture, ContentScheduleAction.Release);
            }

            //remove any existing expire dates so we can replace it
            //if there is an expiry date in the request or if there was a previous expiry and the request value is null then we are clearing the schedule
            if (variant.ExpireDate.HasValue || currExpire.Count > 0)
            {
                contentSchedule.Clear(variant.Culture, ContentScheduleAction.Expire);
            }

            //add the new schedule
            contentSchedule.Add(variant.Culture, variant.ReleaseDate, variant.ExpireDate);
        }

        //now validate the new schedule to make sure it passes all of the rules

        var isValid = true;

        //create lists of mandatory/non-mandatory states
        var mandatoryVariants = new List<(string culture, bool isPublished, List<DateTime> releaseDates)>();
        var nonMandatoryVariants = new List<(string culture, bool isPublished, List<DateTime> releaseDates)>();
        foreach (IGrouping<string, ContentSchedule> groupedSched in
                 contentSchedule.FullSchedule.GroupBy(x => x.Culture))
        {
            var isPublished = (contentItem.PersistedContent?.Published ?? false) &&
                              contentItem.PersistedContent.IsCulturePublished(groupedSched.Key);
            var releaseDates = groupedSched.Where(x => x.Action == ContentScheduleAction.Release).Select(x => x.Date)
                .ToList();
            if (mandatoryCultures.Contains(groupedSched.Key, StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
            {
                mandatoryVariants.Add((groupedSched.Key, isPublished, releaseDates));
            }
            else
            {
                nonMandatoryVariants.Add((groupedSched.Key, isPublished, releaseDates));
            }
        }

        var nonMandatoryVariantReleaseDates = nonMandatoryVariants.SelectMany(x => x.releaseDates).ToList();

        //validate that the mandatory languages have the right data
        foreach ((var culture, var isPublished, List<DateTime> releaseDates) in mandatoryVariants)
        {
            if (!isPublished && releaseDates.Count == 0)
            {
                //can't continue, a mandatory variant is not published and not scheduled for publishing
                // TODO: Add segment
                AddVariantValidationError(culture, null, "speechBubbles", "scheduleErrReleaseDate2");
                isValid = false;
                continue;
            }

            if (!isPublished && releaseDates.Any(x => nonMandatoryVariantReleaseDates.Any(r => x.Date > r.Date)))
            {
                //can't continue, a mandatory variant is not published and it's scheduled for publishing after a non-mandatory
                // TODO: Add segment
                AddVariantValidationError(culture, null, "speechBubbles", "scheduleErrReleaseDate3");
                isValid = false;
            }
        }

        if (!isValid)
        {
            return false;
        }

        //now we can validate the more basic rules for individual variants
        foreach (ContentVariantSave variant in cultureVariants.Where(x =>
                     x.ReleaseDate.HasValue || x.ExpireDate.HasValue))
        {
            //1) release date cannot be less than now
            if (variant.ReleaseDate.HasValue && variant.ReleaseDate < DateTime.Now)
            {
                AddVariantValidationError(variant.Culture, variant.Segment, "speechBubbles", "scheduleErrReleaseDate1");
                isValid = false;
                continue;
            }

            //2) expire date cannot be less than now
            if (variant.ExpireDate.HasValue && variant.ExpireDate < DateTime.Now)
            {
                AddVariantValidationError(variant.Culture, variant.Segment, "speechBubbles", "scheduleErrExpireDate1");
                isValid = false;
                continue;
            }

            //3) expire date cannot be less than release date
            if (variant.ExpireDate.HasValue && variant.ReleaseDate.HasValue &&
                variant.ExpireDate <= variant.ReleaseDate)
            {
                AddVariantValidationError(variant.Culture, variant.Segment, "speechBubbles", "scheduleErrExpireDate2");
                isValid = false;
            }
        }

        if (!isValid)
        {
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Used to add success notifications globally and for the culture
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="notifications"></param>
    /// <param name="culture"></param>
    /// <param name="segment"></param>
    /// <param name="header"></param>
    /// <param name="msg"></param>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     global notifications will be shown if all variant processing is successful and the save/publish dialog is closed,
    ///     otherwise
    ///     variant specific notifications are used to show success messages in the save/publish dialog.
    /// </remarks>
    private static void AddSuccessNotification(
        IDictionary<string,
            SimpleNotificationModel> notifications,
        string? culture,
        string? segment,
        string header,
        string msg)
    {
        //add the global notification (which will display globally if all variants are successfully processed)
        notifications[string.Empty].AddSuccessNotification(header, msg);
        //add the variant specific notification (which will display in the dialog if all variants are not successfully processed)
        var key = culture + "_" + segment;
        notifications.GetOrCreate(key).AddSuccessNotification(header, msg);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     The user must have publish access to all descendant nodes of the content item in order to continue
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentItem"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private async Task<bool> ValidatePublishBranchPermissionsAsync(ContentItemSave contentItem)
    {
        // Authorize...
        var requirement = new ContentPermissionsPublishBranchRequirement(ActionPublish.ActionLetter);
        AuthorizationResult authorizationResult =
            await _authorizationService.AuthorizeAsync(User, contentItem.PersistedContent, requirement);
        return authorizationResult.Succeeded;
    }

    private IEnumerable<PublishResult> PublishBranchInternal(ContentItemSave contentItem, bool force, string? cultureForInvariantErrors, out bool wasCancelled, out string[]? successfulCultures)
    {
        if (!contentItem.PersistedContent?.ContentType.VariesByCulture() ?? false)
        {
            //its invariant, proceed normally
            IEnumerable<PublishResult> publishStatus = _contentService.SaveAndPublishBranch(contentItem.PersistedContent!, force, userId: _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser?.Id ?? -1);
            // TODO: Deal with multiple cancellations
            wasCancelled = publishStatus.Any(x => x.Result == PublishResultType.FailedPublishCancelledByEvent);
            successfulCultures = null; //must be null! this implies invariant
            return publishStatus;
        }

        var mandatoryCultures = _allLangs.Value.Values.Where(x => x.IsMandatory).Select(x => x.IsoCode).ToList();

        IReadOnlyList<(string? culture, string? segment)>? variantErrors =
            ModelState.GetVariantsWithErrors(cultureForInvariantErrors);

        var variants = contentItem.Variants.ToList();

        //validate if we can publish based on the mandatory language requirements
        var canPublish = ValidatePublishingMandatoryLanguages(variantErrors, contentItem, variants, mandatoryCultures, mandatoryVariant => mandatoryVariant.Publish);

        //Now check if there are validation errors on each variant.
        //If validation errors are detected on a variant and it's state is set to 'publish', then we
        //need to change it to 'save'.
        //It is a requirement that this is performed AFTER ValidatePublishingMandatoryLanguages.

        foreach (ContentVariantSave variant in contentItem.Variants)
        {
            if (variantErrors?.Contains((variant.Culture, variant.Segment)) ?? false)
            {
                variant.Publish = false;
            }
        }

        var culturesToPublish = variants.Where(x => x.Publish).Select(x => x.Culture).ToArray();

        if (canPublish)
        {
            //proceed to publish if all validation still succeeds
            IEnumerable<PublishResult> publishStatus = _contentService.SaveAndPublishBranch(
                contentItem.PersistedContent!, force, culturesToPublish.WhereNotNull().ToArray(), _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser?.Id ?? -1);
            // TODO: Deal with multiple cancellations
            wasCancelled = publishStatus.Any(x => x.Result == PublishResultType.FailedPublishCancelledByEvent);
            successfulCultures = contentItem.Variants.Where(x => x.Publish).Select(x => x.Culture).WhereNotNull()
                .ToArray();
            return publishStatus;
        }
        else
        {
            //can only save
            OperationResult saveResult = _contentService.Save(contentItem.PersistedContent!, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser?.Id ?? -1);
            PublishResult[] publishStatus =
            {
                new PublishResult(PublishResultType.FailedPublishMandatoryCultureMissing, null, contentItem.PersistedContent)
            };
            wasCancelled = saveResult.Result == OperationResultType.FailedCancelledByEvent;
            successfulCultures = Array.Empty<string>();
            return publishStatus;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Performs the publishing operation for a content item
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentItem"></param>
    /// <param name="wasCancelled"></param>
    /// <param name="successfulCultures"></param>
    /// <param name="defaultCulture"></param>
    /// <param name="cultureForInvariantErrors">
    ///     if the content is variant this will return an array of cultures that will be published (passed validation rules)
    /// </param>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     If this is a culture variant than we need to do some validation, if it's not we'll publish as normal
    /// </remarks>
    private PublishResult PublishInternal(ContentItemSave contentItem, string? defaultCulture, string? cultureForInvariantErrors, out bool wasCancelled, out string[]? successfulCultures)
    {
        if (!contentItem.PersistedContent?.ContentType.VariesByCulture() ?? false)
        {
            //its invariant, proceed normally
            PublishResult publishStatus = _contentService.SaveAndPublish(contentItem.PersistedContent!, userId: _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser?.Id ?? -1);
            wasCancelled = publishStatus.Result == PublishResultType.FailedPublishCancelledByEvent;
            successfulCultures = null; //must be null! this implies invariant
            return publishStatus;
        }

        var mandatoryCultures = _allLangs.Value.Values.Where(x => x.IsMandatory).Select(x => x.IsoCode).ToList();

        IReadOnlyList<(string? culture, string? segment)>? variantErrors =
            ModelState.GetVariantsWithErrors(cultureForInvariantErrors);

        var variants = contentItem.Variants.ToList();

        //validate if we can publish based on the mandatory languages selected
        var canPublish = ValidatePublishingMandatoryLanguages(
            variantErrors,
            contentItem,
            variants,
            mandatoryCultures,
            mandatoryVariant => mandatoryVariant.Publish);

        //if none are published and there are validation errors for mandatory cultures, then we can't publish anything


        //Now check if there are validation errors on each variant.
        //If validation errors are detected on a variant and it's state is set to 'publish', then we
        //need to change it to 'save'.
        //It is a requirement that this is performed AFTER ValidatePublishingMandatoryLanguages.
        foreach (ContentVariantSave variant in contentItem.Variants)
        {
            if (variantErrors?.Contains((variant.Culture, variant.Segment)) ?? false)
            {
                variant.Publish = false;
            }
        }

        //At this stage all variants might have failed validation which means there are no cultures flagged for publishing!
        var culturesToPublish = variants.Where(x => x.Publish).Select(x => x.Culture).WhereNotNull().ToArray();
        canPublish = canPublish && culturesToPublish.Length > 0;

        if (canPublish)
        {
            //try to publish all the values on the model - this will generally only fail if someone is tampering with the request
            //since there's no reason variant rules would be violated in normal cases.
            canPublish = PublishCulture(contentItem.PersistedContent!, variants, defaultCulture);
        }

        if (canPublish)
        {
            //proceed to publish if all validation still succeeds
            PublishResult publishStatus = _contentService.SaveAndPublish(
                contentItem.PersistedContent!,
                culturesToPublish,
                _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser?.Id ?? -1);
            wasCancelled = publishStatus.Result == PublishResultType.FailedPublishCancelledByEvent;
            successfulCultures = culturesToPublish;

            return publishStatus;
        }
        else
        {
            //can only save
            OperationResult saveResult = _contentService.Save(
                contentItem.PersistedContent!,
                _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser?.Id ?? -1);
            var publishStatus = new PublishResult(PublishResultType.FailedPublishMandatoryCultureMissing, null, contentItem.PersistedContent);
            wasCancelled = saveResult.Result == OperationResultType.FailedCancelledByEvent;
            successfulCultures = Array.Empty<string>();
            return publishStatus;
        }
    }

    private void AddDomainWarnings(IEnumerable<PublishResult> publishResults, string[]? culturesPublished, SimpleNotificationModel globalNotifications)
    {
        foreach (PublishResult publishResult in publishResults)
        {
            AddDomainWarnings(publishResult.Content, culturesPublished, globalNotifications);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Verifies that there's an appropriate domain setup for the published cultures
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     Adds a warning and logs a message if a node varies by culture, there's at least 1 culture already published,
    ///     and there's no domain added for the published cultures
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="persistedContent"></param>
    /// <param name="culturesPublished"></param>
    /// <param name="globalNotifications"></param>
    internal void AddDomainWarnings(IContent? persistedContent, string[]? culturesPublished, SimpleNotificationModel globalNotifications)
    {
        // Don't try to verify if no cultures were published
        if (culturesPublished is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        var publishedCultures = GetPublishedCulturesFromAncestors(persistedContent).ToList();
        // If only a single culture is published we shouldn't have any routing issues
        if (publishedCultures.Count < 2)
        {
            return;
        }

        // If more than a single culture is published we need to verify that there's a domain registered for each published culture
        HashSet<IDomain>? assignedDomains = persistedContent is null
            ? null
            : _domainService.GetAssignedDomains(persistedContent.Id, true)?.ToHashSet();

        IEnumerable<int>? ancestorIds = persistedContent?.GetAncestorIds();
        if (ancestorIds is not null && assignedDomains is not null)
        {
            // We also have to check all of the ancestors, if any of those has the appropriate culture assigned we don't need to warn
            foreach (var ancestorID in ancestorIds)
            {
                assignedDomains.UnionWith(_domainService.GetAssignedDomains(ancestorID, true) ??
                                          Enumerable.Empty<IDomain>());
            }
        }

        // No domains at all, add a warning, to add domains.
        if (assignedDomains is null || assignedDomains.Count == 0)
        {
            globalNotifications.AddWarningNotification(
                _localizedTextService.Localize("auditTrails", "publish"),
                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "publishWithNoDomains"));

            _logger.LogWarning(
                "The root node {RootNodeName} was published with multiple cultures, but no domains are configured, this will cause routing and caching issues, please register domains for: {Cultures}",
                persistedContent?.Name,
                string.Join(", ", publishedCultures));
            return;
        }

        // If there is some domains, verify that there's a domain for each of the published cultures
        foreach (var culture in culturesPublished
                     .Where(culture => assignedDomains.Any(x =>
                         x.LanguageIsoCode?.Equals(culture, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) ?? false) is false))
        {
            globalNotifications.AddWarningNotification(
                _localizedTextService.Localize("auditTrails", "publish"),
                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "publishWithMissingDomain", new[] { culture }));

            _logger.LogWarning(
                "The root node {RootNodeName} was published in culture {Culture}, but there's no domain configured for it, this will cause routing and caching issues, please register a domain for it",
                persistedContent?.Name,
                culture);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Validate if publishing is possible based on the mandatory language requirements
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="variantsWithValidationErrors"></param>
    /// <param name="contentItem"></param>
    /// <param name="variants"></param>
    /// <param name="mandatoryCultures"></param>
    /// <param name="publishingCheck"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private bool ValidatePublishingMandatoryLanguages(
        IReadOnlyCollection<(string? culture, string? segment)>? variantsWithValidationErrors,
        ContentItemSave contentItem,
        IReadOnlyCollection<ContentVariantSave> variants,
        IReadOnlyList<string> mandatoryCultures,
        Func<ContentVariantSave, bool> publishingCheck)
    {
        var canPublish = true;
        var result = new List<(ContentVariantSave model, bool publishing, bool isValid)>();

        foreach (var culture in mandatoryCultures)
        {
            //Check if a mandatory language is missing from being published

            ContentVariantSave mandatoryVariant = variants.First(x => x.Culture.InvariantEquals(culture));

            var isPublished = (contentItem.PersistedContent?.Published ?? false) &&
                              contentItem.PersistedContent.IsCulturePublished(culture);
            var isPublishing = isPublished || publishingCheck(mandatoryVariant);
            var isValid = !variantsWithValidationErrors?.Select(v => v.culture!).InvariantContains(culture) ?? false;

            result.Add((mandatoryVariant, isPublished || isPublishing, isValid));
        }

        //iterate over the results by invalid first
        string? firstInvalidMandatoryCulture = null;
        foreach ((ContentVariantSave model, bool publishing, bool isValid) in result.OrderBy(x => x.isValid))
        {
            if (!isValid)
            {
                firstInvalidMandatoryCulture = model.Culture;
            }

            if (publishing && !isValid)
            {
                //flagged for publishing but the mandatory culture is invalid
                AddVariantValidationError(model.Culture, model.Segment, "publish", "contentPublishedFailedReqCultureValidationError");
                canPublish = false;
            }
            else if (publishing && isValid && firstInvalidMandatoryCulture != null)
            {
                //in this case this culture also cannot be published because another mandatory culture is invalid
                AddVariantValidationError(model.Culture, model.Segment, "publish", "contentPublishedFailedReqCultureValidationError", firstInvalidMandatoryCulture);
                canPublish = false;
            }
            else if (!publishing)
            {
                //cannot continue publishing since a required culture that is not currently being published isn't published
                AddVariantValidationError(model.Culture, model.Segment, "speechBubbles", "contentReqCulturePublishError");
                canPublish = false;
            }
        }

        return canPublish;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Call PublishCulture on the content item for each culture to get a validation result for each culture
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="persistentContent"></param>
    /// <param name="cultureVariants"></param>
    /// <param name="defaultCulture"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     This would generally never fail unless someone is tampering with the request
    /// </remarks>
    private bool PublishCulture(IContent persistentContent, IEnumerable<ContentVariantSave> cultureVariants, string? defaultCulture)
    {
        foreach (ContentVariantSave variant in cultureVariants.Where(x => x.Publish))
        {
            // publishing any culture, implies the invariant culture
            var valid = persistentContent.PublishCulture(_cultureImpactFactory.ImpactExplicit(variant.Culture, defaultCulture.InvariantEquals(variant.Culture)));
            if (!valid)
            {
                AddVariantValidationError(variant.Culture, variant.Segment, "speechBubbles", "contentCultureValidationError");
                return false;
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    private IEnumerable<string> GetPublishedCulturesFromAncestors(IContent? content)
    {
        if (content?.ParentId is not -1 && content?.HasIdentity is false)
        {
            content = _contentService.GetById(content.ParentId);
        }

        if (content?.ParentId == -1)
        {
            return content.PublishedCultures;
        }

        HashSet<string> publishedCultures = new();
        publishedCultures.UnionWith(content?.PublishedCultures ?? Enumerable.Empty<string>());

        IEnumerable<int>? ancestorIds = content?.GetAncestorIds();

        if (ancestorIds is not null)
        {
            foreach (var id in ancestorIds)
            {
                IEnumerable<string>? cultures = _contentService.GetById(id)?.PublishedCultures;
                publishedCultures.UnionWith(cultures ?? Enumerable.Empty<string>());
            }
        }

        return publishedCultures;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Adds a generic culture error for use in displaying the culture validation error in the save/publish/etc... dialogs
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="culture">Culture to assign the error to</param>
    /// <param name="segment">Segment to assign the error to</param>
    /// <param name="localizationArea"></param>
    /// <param name="localizationAlias"></param>
    /// <param name="cultureToken">
    ///     The culture used in the localization message, null by default which means <see cref="culture" /> will be used.
    /// </param>
    private void AddVariantValidationError(string? culture, string? segment, string localizationArea, string localizationAlias, string? cultureToken = null)
    {
        var cultureToUse = cultureToken ?? culture;
        var variantName = GetVariantName(cultureToUse, segment);

        var errMsg = _localizedTextService.Localize(localizationArea, localizationAlias, new[] { variantName });

        ModelState.AddVariantValidationError(culture, segment, errMsg);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Creates the human readable variant name based on culture and segment
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="culture">Culture</param>
    /// <param name="segment">Segment</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private string GetVariantName(string? culture, string? segment)
    {
        if (culture.IsNullOrWhiteSpace() && segment.IsNullOrWhiteSpace())
        {
            // TODO: Get name for default variant from somewhere?
            return "Default";
        }

        var cultureName = culture == null ? null : _allLangs.Value[culture].CultureName;
        var variantName = string.Join(" — ", new[] { segment, cultureName }.Where(x => !x.IsNullOrWhiteSpace()));

        // Format: <segment> [&mdash;] <culture name>
        return variantName;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Publishes a document with a given ID
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     The EnsureUserPermissionForContent attribute will deny access to this method if the current user
    ///     does not have Publish access to this node.
    /// </remarks>
    [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionPublishById)]
    public IActionResult PostPublishById(int id)
    {
        IContent? foundContent = GetObjectFromRequest(() => _contentService.GetById(id));

        if (foundContent == null)
        {
            return HandleContentNotFound(id);
        }

        PublishResult publishResult = _contentService.SaveAndPublish(foundContent, userId: _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? 0);
        if (publishResult.Success == false)
        {
            var notificationModel = new SimpleNotificationModel();
            AddMessageForPublishStatus(new[] { publishResult }, notificationModel);
            return ValidationProblem(notificationModel);
        }

        return Ok();
    }

    [HttpDelete]
    [HttpPost]
    public IActionResult DeleteBlueprint(int id)
    {
        IContent? found = _contentService.GetBlueprintById(id);

        if (found == null)
        {
            return HandleContentNotFound(id);
        }

        _contentService.DeleteBlueprint(found);

        return Ok();
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Moves an item to the recycle bin, if it is already there then it will permanently delete it
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     The CanAccessContentAuthorize attribute will deny access to this method if the current user
    ///     does not have Delete access to this node.
    /// </remarks>
    [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionDeleteById)]
    [HttpDelete]
    [HttpPost]
    public IActionResult DeleteById(int id)
    {
        IContent? foundContent = GetObjectFromRequest(() => _contentService.GetById(id));

        if (foundContent == null)
        {
            return HandleContentNotFound(id);
        }

        //if the current item is in the recycle bin
        if (foundContent.Trashed == false)
        {
            OperationResult moveResult = _contentService.MoveToRecycleBin(foundContent, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);
            if (moveResult.Success == false)
            {
                return ValidationProblem();
            }
        }
        else
        {
            OperationResult deleteResult = _contentService.Delete(
                foundContent,
                _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);
            if (deleteResult.Success == false)
            {
                return ValidationProblem();
            }
        }

        return Ok();
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Empties the recycle bin
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     attributed with EnsureUserPermissionForContent to verify the user has access to the recycle bin
    /// </remarks>
    [HttpDelete]
    [HttpPost]
    [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionEmptyRecycleBin)]
    public IActionResult EmptyRecycleBin()
    {
        _contentService.EmptyRecycleBin(_backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);

        return Ok(_localizedTextService.Localize("defaultdialogs", "recycleBinIsEmpty"));
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Change the sort order for content
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sorted"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public async Task<IActionResult> PostSort(ContentSortOrder sorted)
    {
        if (sorted == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        //if there's nothing to sort just return ok
        if (sorted.IdSortOrder?.Length == 0)
        {
            return Ok();
        }

        // Authorize...
        var resource =
            new ContentPermissionsResource(_contentService.GetById(sorted.ParentId), ActionSort.ActionLetter);
        AuthorizationResult authorizationResult =
            await _authorizationService.AuthorizeAsync(User, resource, AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionByResource);
        if (!authorizationResult.Succeeded)
        {
            return Forbid();
        }

        try
        {
            // Save content with new sort order and update content xml in db accordingly
            OperationResult sortResult = _contentService.Sort(
                sorted.IdSortOrder,
                _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser?.Id ?? -1);
            if (!sortResult.Success)
            {
                _logger.LogWarning("Content sorting failed, this was probably caused by an event being cancelled");
                // TODO: Now you can cancel sorting, does the event messages bubble up automatically?
                return ValidationProblem(
                    "Content sorting failed, this was probably caused by an event being cancelled");
            }

            return Ok();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            _logger.LogError(ex, "Could not update content sort order");
            throw;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Change the sort order for media
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="move"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public async Task<IActionResult?> PostMove(MoveOrCopy move)
    {
        // Authorize...
        var resource = new ContentPermissionsResource(_contentService.GetById(move.ParentId), ActionMove.ActionLetter);
        AuthorizationResult authorizationResult =
            await _authorizationService.AuthorizeAsync(User, resource, AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionByResource);
        if (!authorizationResult.Succeeded)
        {
            return Forbid();
        }

        ActionResult<IContent> toMoveResult = ValidateMoveOrCopy(move);
        if (!(toMoveResult.Result is null))
        {
            return toMoveResult.Result;
        }

        IContent? toMove = toMoveResult.Value;

        if (toMove is null)
        {
            return null;
        }

        _contentService.Move(toMove, move.ParentId, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);

        return Content(toMove.Path, MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain, Encoding.UTF8);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Copies a content item and places the copy as a child of a given parent Id
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="copy"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public async Task<ActionResult<IContent>?> PostCopy(MoveOrCopy copy)
    {
        // Authorize...
        var resource = new ContentPermissionsResource(_contentService.GetById(copy.ParentId), ActionCopy.ActionLetter);
        AuthorizationResult authorizationResult =
            await _authorizationService.AuthorizeAsync(User, resource, AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionByResource);
        if (!authorizationResult.Succeeded)
        {
            return Forbid();
        }

        ActionResult<IContent> toCopyResult = ValidateMoveOrCopy(copy);
        if (!(toCopyResult.Result is null))
        {
            return toCopyResult.Result;
        }

        IContent? toCopy = toCopyResult.Value;
        if (toCopy is null)
        {
            return null;
        }

        IContent? c = _contentService.Copy(toCopy, copy.ParentId, copy.RelateToOriginal, copy.Recursive, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);

        if (c is null)
        {
            return null;
        }

        return Content(c.Path, MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain, Encoding.UTF8);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Unpublishes a node with a given Id and returns the unpublished entity
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="model">The content and variants to unpublish</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [OutgoingEditorModelEvent]
    public async Task<ActionResult<ContentItemDisplayWithSchedule?>> PostUnpublish(UnpublishContent model)
    {
        IContent? foundContent = _contentService.GetById(model.Id);

        if (foundContent == null)
        {
            return HandleContentNotFound(model.Id);
        }

        // Authorize...
        var resource = new ContentPermissionsResource(foundContent, ActionUnpublish.ActionLetter);
        AuthorizationResult authorizationResult =
            await _authorizationService.AuthorizeAsync(User, resource, AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionByResource);
        if (!authorizationResult.Succeeded)
        {
            return Forbid();
        }

        var languageCount = _allLangs.Value.Count();
        if (model.Cultures?.Length == 0 || model.Cultures?.Length == languageCount)
        {
            //this means that the entire content item will be unpublished
            PublishResult unpublishResult = _contentService.Unpublish(foundContent, userId: _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);

            ContentItemDisplayWithSchedule? content = MapToDisplayWithSchedule(foundContent);

            if (!unpublishResult.Success)
            {
                AddCancelMessage(content);
                return ValidationProblem(content);
            }

            content?.AddSuccessNotification(
                _localizedTextService.Localize("content", "unpublish"),
                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "contentUnpublished"));
            return content;
        }
        else
        {
            //we only want to unpublish some of the variants
            var results = new Dictionary<string, PublishResult>();
            if (model.Cultures is not null)
            {
                foreach (var c in model.Cultures)
                {
                    PublishResult result = _contentService.Unpublish(foundContent, c, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);
                    results[c] = result;
                    if (result.Result == PublishResultType.SuccessUnpublishMandatoryCulture)
                    {
                        //if this happens, it means they are all unpublished, we don't need to continue
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            ContentItemDisplayWithSchedule? content = MapToDisplayWithSchedule(foundContent);

            //check for this status and return the correct message
            if (results.Any(x => x.Value.Result == PublishResultType.SuccessUnpublishMandatoryCulture))
            {
                content?.AddSuccessNotification(
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("content", "unpublish"),
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "contentMandatoryCultureUnpublished"));
                return content;
            }

            //otherwise add a message for each one unpublished
            foreach (KeyValuePair<string, PublishResult> r in results)
            {
                content?.AddSuccessNotification(
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("conten", "unpublish"),
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "contentCultureUnpublished", new[] { _allLangs.Value[r.Key].CultureName }));
            }

            return content;
        }
    }

    public ContentDomainsAndCulture GetCultureAndDomains(int id)
    {
        IDomain[]? nodeDomains = _domainService.GetAssignedDomains(id, true)?.ToArray();
        IDomain? wildcard = nodeDomains?.FirstOrDefault(d => d.IsWildcard);
        IEnumerable<DomainDisplay>? domains = nodeDomains?.Where(d => !d.IsWildcard)
            .Select(d => new DomainDisplay(d.DomainName, d.LanguageId.GetValueOrDefault(0)));
        return new ContentDomainsAndCulture
        {
            Domains = domains,
            Language = wildcard == null || !wildcard.LanguageId.HasValue
                ? "undefined"
                : wildcard.LanguageId.ToString()
        };
    }

    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult<DomainSave> PostSaveLanguageAndDomains(DomainSave model)
    {
        if (model.Domains is not null)
        {
            foreach (DomainDisplay domain in model.Domains)
            {
                try
                {
                    Uri uri = DomainUtilities.ParseUriFromDomainName(domain.Name, new Uri(Request.GetEncodedUrl()));
                }
                catch (UriFormatException)
                {
                    return ValidationProblem(_localizedTextService.Localize("assignDomain", "invalidDomain"));
                }
            }
        }

        IContent? node = _contentService.GetById(model.NodeId);

        if (node == null)
        {
            HttpContext.SetReasonPhrase("Node Not Found.");
            return NotFound("There is no content node with id {model.NodeId}.");
        }

        EntityPermission? permission =
            _userService.GetPermissions(_backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser, node.Path);


        if (permission?.AssignedPermissions.Contains(ActionAssignDomain.ActionLetter.ToString(), StringComparer.Ordinal) == false)
        {
            HttpContext.SetReasonPhrase("Permission Denied.");
            return BadRequest("You do not have permission to assign domains on that node.");
        }

        model.Valid = true;
        IDomain[]? domains = _domainService.GetAssignedDomains(model.NodeId, true)?.ToArray();
        ILanguage[] languages = _localizationService.GetAllLanguages().ToArray();
        ILanguage? language = model.Language > 0 ? languages.FirstOrDefault(l => l.Id == model.Language) : null;

        // process wildcard
        if (language != null)
        {
            // yet there is a race condition here...
            IDomain? wildcard = domains?.FirstOrDefault(d => d.IsWildcard);
            if (wildcard != null)
            {
                wildcard.LanguageId = language.Id;
            }
            else
            {
                wildcard = new UmbracoDomain("*" + model.NodeId)
                {
                    LanguageId = model.Language,
                    RootContentId = model.NodeId
                };
            }

            Attempt<OperationResult?> saveAttempt = _domainService.Save(wildcard);
            if (saveAttempt == false)
            {
                HttpContext.SetReasonPhrase(saveAttempt.Result?.Result.ToString());
                return BadRequest("Saving domain failed");
            }
        }
        else
        {
            IDomain? wildcard = domains?.FirstOrDefault(d => d.IsWildcard);
            if (wildcard != null)
            {
                _domainService.Delete(wildcard);
            }
        }

        // process domains
        // delete every (non-wildcard) domain, that exists in the DB yet is not in the model
        foreach (IDomain domain in domains?.Where(d =>
                                       d.IsWildcard == false &&
                                       (model.Domains?.All(m => m.Name.InvariantEquals(d.DomainName) == false) ??
                                        false)) ??
                                   Array.Empty<IDomain>())
        {
            _domainService.Delete(domain);
        }

        var names = new List<string>();

        // create or update domains in the model
        foreach (DomainDisplay domainModel in model.Domains?.Where(m => string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(m.Name) == false) ??
                                              Array.Empty<DomainDisplay>())
        {
            language = languages.FirstOrDefault(l => l.Id == domainModel.Lang);
            if (language == null)
            {
                continue;
            }

            var name = domainModel.Name.ToLowerInvariant();
            if (names.Contains(name))
            {
                domainModel.Duplicate = true;
                continue;
            }

            names.Add(name);
            IDomain? domain = domains?.FirstOrDefault(d => d.DomainName.InvariantEquals(domainModel.Name));
            if (domain != null)
            {
                domain.LanguageId = language.Id;
                _domainService.Save(domain);
            }
            else if (_domainService.Exists(domainModel.Name))
            {
                domainModel.Duplicate = true;
                IDomain? xdomain = _domainService.GetByName(domainModel.Name);
                var xrcid = xdomain?.RootContentId;
                if (xrcid.HasValue)
                {
                    IContent? xcontent = _contentService.GetById(xrcid.Value);
                    var xnames = new List<string>();
                    while (xcontent != null)
                    {
                        if (xcontent.Name is not null)
                        {
                            xnames.Add(xcontent.Name);
                        }

                        if (xcontent.ParentId < -1)
                        {
                            xnames.Add("Recycle Bin");
                        }

                        xcontent = _contentService.GetParent(xcontent);
                    }

                    xnames.Reverse();
                    domainModel.Other = "/" + string.Join("/", xnames);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                // yet there is a race condition here...
                var newDomain = new UmbracoDomain(name) { LanguageId = domainModel.Lang, RootContentId = model.NodeId };
                Attempt<OperationResult?> saveAttempt = _domainService.Save(newDomain);
                if (saveAttempt == false)
                {
                    HttpContext.SetReasonPhrase(saveAttempt.Result?.Result.ToString());
                    return BadRequest("Saving new domain failed");
                }
            }
        }

        model.Valid = model.Domains?.All(m => m.Duplicate == false) ?? false;

        return model;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Ensure there is culture specific errors in the result if any errors are for culture properties
    ///     and we're dealing with variant content, then call the base class HandleInvalidModelState
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="display"></param>
    /// <param name="cultureForInvariantErrors"></param>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     This is required to wire up the validation in the save/publish dialog
    /// </remarks>
    private void HandleInvalidModelState<TVariant>(
        ContentItemDisplay<TVariant>? display,
        string? cultureForInvariantErrors)
        where TVariant : ContentVariantDisplay
    {
        if (!ModelState.IsValid && display?.Variants?.Count() > 1)
        {
            //Add any culture specific errors here
            IReadOnlyList<(string? culture, string? segment)>? variantErrors =
                ModelState.GetVariantsWithErrors(cultureForInvariantErrors);

            if (variantErrors is not null)
            {
                foreach ((string? culture, string? segment) in variantErrors)
                {
                    AddVariantValidationError(culture, segment, "speechBubbles", "contentCultureValidationError");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Maps the dto property values and names to the persisted model
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contentSave"></param>
    private void MapValuesForPersistence(ContentItemSave contentSave)
    {
        // inline method to determine the culture and segment to persist the property
        static (string? culture, string? segment) PropertyCultureAndSegment(IProperty? property, ContentVariantSave variant)
        {
            var culture = property?.PropertyType.VariesByCulture() ?? false ? variant.Culture : null;
            var segment = property?.PropertyType.VariesBySegment() ?? false ? variant.Segment : null;
            return (culture, segment);
        }

        var variantIndex = 0;
        var defaultCulture = _allLangs.Value.Values.FirstOrDefault(x => x.IsDefault)?.IsoCode;

        // loop through each variant, set the correct name and property values
        foreach (ContentVariantSave variant in contentSave.Variants)
        {
            // Don't update anything for this variant if Save is not true
            if (!variant.Save)
            {
                continue;
            }

            // Don't update the name if it is empty
            if (!variant.Name.IsNullOrWhiteSpace())
            {
                if (contentSave.PersistedContent?.ContentType.VariesByCulture() ?? false)
                {
                    if (variant.Culture.IsNullOrWhiteSpace())
                    {
                        throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot set culture name without a culture.");
                    }

                    contentSave.PersistedContent.SetCultureName(variant.Name, variant.Culture);

                    // If the variant culture is the default culture we also want to update the name on the Content itself.
                    if (variant.Culture?.Equals(defaultCulture, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase) ?? false)
                    {
                        contentSave.PersistedContent.Name = variant.Name;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (contentSave.PersistedContent is not null)
                    {
                        contentSave.PersistedContent.Name = variant.Name;
                    }
                }
            }

            // This is important! We only want to process invariant properties with the first variant, for any other variant
            // we need to exclude invariant properties from being processed, otherwise they will be double processed for the
            // same value which can cause some problems with things such as file uploads.
            ContentPropertyCollectionDto? propertyCollection = variantIndex == 0
                ? variant.PropertyCollectionDto
                : new ContentPropertyCollectionDto
                {
                    Properties = variant.PropertyCollectionDto?.Properties.Where(
                                     x => !x.Culture.IsNullOrWhiteSpace() || !x.Segment.IsNullOrWhiteSpace()) ??
                                 Enumerable.Empty<ContentPropertyDto>()
                };

            // for each variant, map the property values
            MapPropertyValuesForPersistence<IContent, ContentItemSave>(
                contentSave,
                propertyCollection,
                (save, property) =>
                {
                    // Get property value
                    (string? culture, string? segment) = PropertyCultureAndSegment(property, variant);
                    return property?.GetValue(culture, segment);
                },
                (save, property, v) =>
                {
                    // Set property value
                    (string? culture, string? segment) = PropertyCultureAndSegment(property, variant);
                    property?.SetValue(v, culture, segment);
                },
                variant.Culture);

            variantIndex++;
        }

        // Map IsDirty cultures to edited cultures, to make it easier to verify changes on specific variants on Saving and Saved events.
        IEnumerable<string>? editedCultures = contentSave.PersistedContent?.CultureInfos?.Values
            .Where(x => x.IsDirty())
            .Select(x => x.Culture);
        contentSave.PersistedContent?.SetCultureEdited(editedCultures);

        // handle template
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(contentSave.TemplateAlias)) // cleared: clear if not already null
        {
            if (contentSave.PersistedContent?.TemplateId != null)
            {
                contentSave.PersistedContent.TemplateId = null;
            }
        }
        else // set: update if different
        {
            ITemplate? template = _fileService.GetTemplate(contentSave.TemplateAlias);
            if (template is null)
            {
                // ModelState.AddModelError("Template", "No template exists with the specified alias: " + contentItem.TemplateAlias);
                _logger.LogWarning("No template exists with the specified alias: {TemplateAlias}", contentSave.TemplateAlias);
            }
            else if (contentSave.PersistedContent is not null && template.Id != contentSave.PersistedContent.TemplateId)
            {
                contentSave.PersistedContent.TemplateId = template.Id;
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Ensures the item can be moved/copied to the new location
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="model"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private ActionResult<IContent> ValidateMoveOrCopy(MoveOrCopy model)
    {
        if (model == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        IContentService contentService = _contentService;
        IContent? toMove = contentService.GetById(model.Id);
        if (toMove == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        if (model.ParentId < 0)
        {
            //cannot move if the content item is not allowed at the root
            if (toMove.ContentType.AllowedAsRoot == false)
            {
                return ValidationProblem(
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("moveOrCopy", "notAllowedAtRoot"));
            }
        }
        else
        {
            IContent? parent = contentService.GetById(model.ParentId);
            if (parent == null)
            {
                return NotFound();
            }

            IContentType? parentContentType = _contentTypeService.Get(parent.ContentTypeId);
            //check if the item is allowed under this one
            if (parentContentType?.AllowedContentTypes?.Select(x => x.Id).ToArray()
                    .Any(x => x.Value == toMove.ContentType.Id) == false)
            {
                return ValidationProblem(
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("moveOrCopy", "notAllowedByContentType"));
            }

            // Check on paths
            if ($",{parent.Path},".IndexOf($",{toMove.Id},", StringComparison.Ordinal) > -1)
            {
                return ValidationProblem(
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("moveOrCopy", "notAllowedByPath"));
            }
        }

        return new ActionResult<IContent>(toMove);
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Adds notification messages to the outbound display model for a given published status
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="statuses"></param>
    /// <param name="display"></param>
    /// <param name="successfulCultures">
    ///     This is null when dealing with invariant content, else it's the cultures that were successfully published
    /// </param>
    private void AddMessageForPublishStatus(IReadOnlyCollection<PublishResult> statuses, INotificationModel display, string[]? successfulCultures = null)
    {
        var totalStatusCount = statuses.Count();

        //Put the statuses into groups, each group results in a different message
        IEnumerable<IGrouping<PublishResultType, PublishResult>> statusGroup = statuses.GroupBy(x =>
        {
            switch (x.Result)
            {
                case PublishResultType.SuccessPublish:
                case PublishResultType.SuccessPublishCulture:
                    //these 2 belong to a single group
                    return PublishResultType.SuccessPublish;
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishAwaitingRelease:
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishCultureAwaitingRelease:
                    //these 2 belong to a single group
                    return PublishResultType.FailedPublishAwaitingRelease;
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishHasExpired:
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishCultureHasExpired:
                    //these 2 belong to a single group
                    return PublishResultType.FailedPublishHasExpired;
                case PublishResultType.SuccessPublishAlready:
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishPathNotPublished:
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishCancelledByEvent:
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishIsTrashed:
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishContentInvalid:
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishMandatoryCultureMissing:
                    //the rest that we are looking for each belong in their own group
                    return x.Result;
                default:
                    throw new IndexOutOfRangeException($"{x.Result}\" was not expected.");
            }
        });

        foreach (IGrouping<PublishResultType, PublishResult> status in statusGroup)
        {
            switch (status.Key)
            {
                case PublishResultType.SuccessPublishAlready:
                {
                    // TODO: Here we should have messaging for when there are release dates specified like https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS/pull/3507
                    // but this will take a bit of effort because we need to deal with variants, different messaging, etc... A quick attempt was made here:
                    // http://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS/commit/9b3de7b655e07c612c824699b48a533c0448131a

                    //special case, we will only show messages for this if:
                    // * it's not a bulk publish operation
                    // * it's a bulk publish operation and all successful statuses are this one
                    var itemCount = status.Count();
                    if (totalStatusCount == 1 || totalStatusCount == itemCount)
                    {
                        if (successfulCultures == null || totalStatusCount == itemCount)
                        {
                            //either invariant single publish, or bulk publish where all statuses are already published
                            display.AddSuccessNotification(
                                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editContentPublishedHeader"),
                                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editContentPublishedText"));
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            foreach (var c in successfulCultures)
                            {
                                display.AddSuccessNotification(
                                    _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editContentPublishedHeader"),
                                    _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editVariantPublishedText", new[] { _allLangs.Value[c].CultureName }));
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                break;
                case PublishResultType.SuccessPublish:
                {
                    // TODO: Here we should have messaging for when there are release dates specified like https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS/pull/3507
                    // but this will take a bit of effort because we need to deal with variants, different messaging, etc... A quick attempt was made here:
                    // http://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS/commit/9b3de7b655e07c612c824699b48a533c0448131a

                    var itemCount = status.Count();
                    if (successfulCultures == null)
                    {
                        display.AddSuccessNotification(
                            _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editContentPublishedHeader"),
                            totalStatusCount > 1
                                ? _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editMultiContentPublishedText", new[] { itemCount.ToInvariantString() })
                                : _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editContentPublishedText"));
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        foreach (var c in successfulCultures)
                        {
                            display.AddSuccessNotification(
                                _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editContentPublishedHeader"),
                                totalStatusCount > 1
                                    ? _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editMultiVariantPublishedText", new[] { itemCount.ToInvariantString(), _allLangs.Value[c].CultureName })
                                    : _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "editVariantPublishedText", new[] { _allLangs.Value[c].CultureName }));
                        }
                    }
                }
                break;
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishPathNotPublished:
                {
                    //TODO: This doesn't take into account variations with the successfulCultures param
                    var names = string.Join(", ", status.Select(x => $"'{x.Content?.Name}'"));
                    display.AddWarningNotification(
                        _localizedTextService.Localize(null, "publish"),
                        _localizedTextService.Localize("publish", "contentPublishedFailedByParent", new[] { names }).Trim());
                }
                break;
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishCancelledByEvent:
                {
                    //TODO: This doesn't take into account variations with the successfulCultures param
                    var names = string.Join(", ", status.Select(x => $"'{x.Content?.Name}'"));
                    AddCancelMessage(display, "publish", "contentPublishedFailedByEvent", new[] { names });
                }
                break;
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishAwaitingRelease:
                {
                    //TODO: This doesn't take into account variations with the successfulCultures param
                    var names = string.Join(", ", status.Select(x => $"'{x.Content?.Name}'"));
                    display.AddWarningNotification(
                        _localizedTextService.Localize(null, "publish"),
                        _localizedTextService.Localize("publish", "contentPublishedFailedAwaitingRelease", new[] { names }).Trim());
                }
                break;
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishHasExpired:
                {
                    //TODO: This doesn't take into account variations with the successfulCultures param
                    var names = string.Join(", ", status.Select(x => $"'{x.Content?.Name}'"));
                    display.AddWarningNotification(
                        _localizedTextService.Localize(null, "publish"),
                        _localizedTextService.Localize("publish", "contentPublishedFailedExpired", new[] { names }).Trim());
                }
                break;
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishIsTrashed:
                {
                    //TODO: This doesn't take into account variations with the successfulCultures param
                    var names = string.Join(", ", status.Select(x => $"'{x.Content?.Name}'"));
                    display.AddWarningNotification(
                        _localizedTextService.Localize(null, "publish"),
                        _localizedTextService.Localize("publish", "contentPublishedFailedIsTrashed", new[] { names }).Trim());
                }
                break;
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishContentInvalid:
                {
                    if (successfulCultures == null)
                    {
                        var names = string.Join(", ", status.Select(x => $"'{x.Content?.Name}'"));
                        display.AddWarningNotification(
                            _localizedTextService.Localize(null, "publish"),
                            _localizedTextService.Localize("publish", "contentPublishedFailedInvalid", new[] { names }).Trim());
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        foreach (var c in successfulCultures)
                        {
                            var names = string.Join(
                                ", ",
                                status.Select(x =>
                                    $"'{(x.Content?.ContentType.VariesByCulture() ?? false ? x.Content.GetCultureName(c) : x.Content?.Name)}'"));
                            display.AddWarningNotification(
                                _localizedTextService.Localize(null, "publish"),
                                _localizedTextService.Localize("publish", "contentPublishedFailedInvalid", new[] { names }).Trim());
                        }
                    }
                }
                break;
                case PublishResultType.FailedPublishMandatoryCultureMissing:
                    display.AddWarningNotification(
                        _localizedTextService.Localize(null, "publish"),
                        "publish/contentPublishedFailedByCulture");
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new IndexOutOfRangeException($"PublishedResultType \"{status.Key}\" was not expected.");
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Used to map an <see cref="IContent" /> instance to a <see cref="ContentItemDisplay" /> and ensuring a language is
    ///     present if required
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="content"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private ContentItemDisplay? MapToDisplay(IContent? content) =>
        MapToDisplay(content, context =>
        {
            context.Items["CurrentUser"] = _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser;
        });

    private ContentItemDisplayWithSchedule? MapToDisplayWithSchedule(IContent? content)
    {
        if (content is null)
        {
            return null;
        }

        ContentItemDisplayWithSchedule? display = _umbracoMapper.Map<ContentItemDisplayWithSchedule>(content, context =>
        {
            context.Items["CurrentUser"] = _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser;
            context.Items["Schedule"] = _contentService.GetContentScheduleByContentId(content.Id);
        });

        if (display is not null)
        {
            display.AllowPreview = display.AllowPreview && content?.Trashed == false &&
                                   content.ContentType.IsElement == false;
        }

        return display;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Used to map an <see cref="IContent" /> instance to a <see cref="ContentItemDisplay" /> and ensuring AllowPreview is
    ///     set correctly.
    ///     Also allows you to pass in an action for the mapper context where you can pass additional information on to the
    ///     mapper.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="content"></param>
    /// <param name="contextOptions"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private ContentItemDisplay? MapToDisplay(IContent? content, Action<MapperContext> contextOptions)
    {
        ContentItemDisplay? display = _umbracoMapper.Map<ContentItemDisplay>(content, contextOptions);
        if (display is not null)
        {
            display.AllowPreview = display.AllowPreview && content?.Trashed == false &&
                                   content.ContentType.IsElement == false;
        }

        return display;
    }

    [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionBrowseById)]
    public ActionResult<IEnumerable<NotifySetting>> GetNotificationOptions(int contentId)
    {
        var notifications = new List<NotifySetting>();
        if (contentId <= 0)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        IContent? content = _contentService.GetById(contentId);
        if (content == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        var userNotifications = _notificationService
            .GetUserNotifications(_backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser, content.Path)?.ToList();

        foreach (IAction a in _actionCollection.Where(x => x.ShowInNotifier))
        {
            var n = new NotifySetting
            {
                Name = _localizedTextService.Localize("actions", a.Alias),
                Checked = userNotifications?.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Action == a.Letter.ToString()) != null,
                NotifyCode = a.Letter.ToString()
            };
            notifications.Add(n);
        }

        return notifications;
    }

    public IActionResult PostNotificationOptions(
        int contentId,
        [FromQuery(Name = "notifyOptions[]")] string[] notifyOptions)
    {
        if (contentId <= 0)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        IContent? content = _contentService.GetById(contentId);
        if (content == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        _notificationService.SetNotifications(_backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.CurrentUser, content, notifyOptions);

        return NoContent();
    }

    [HttpGet]
    [JsonCamelCaseFormatter]
    public IActionResult GetPagedContentVersions(
        int contentId,
        int pageNumber = 1,
        int pageSize = 10,
        string? culture = null)
    {
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(culture))
        {
            if (!_allLangs.Value.TryGetValue(culture, out _))
            {
                return NotFound();
            }
        }

        IEnumerable<ContentVersionMeta>? results = _contentVersionService.GetPagedContentVersions(
            contentId,
            pageNumber - 1,
            pageSize,
            out var totalRecords,
            culture);

        var model = new PagedResult<ContentVersionMeta>(totalRecords, pageNumber, pageSize) { Items = results };

        return Ok(model);
    }

    [HttpPost]
    [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionAdministrationById)]
    public IActionResult PostSetContentVersionPreventCleanup(int contentId, int versionId, bool preventCleanup)
    {
        IContent? content = _contentService.GetVersion(versionId);

        if (content == null || content.Id != contentId)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        _contentVersionService.SetPreventCleanup(versionId, preventCleanup, _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);

        return NoContent();
    }

    [HttpGet]
    public IEnumerable<RollbackVersion> GetRollbackVersions(int contentId, string? culture = null)
    {
        var rollbackVersions = new List<RollbackVersion>();
        var writerIds = new HashSet<int>();

        IEnumerable<IContent> versions = _contentService.GetVersionsSlim(contentId, 0, 50);

        //Not all nodes are variants & thus culture can be null
        if (culture != null)
        {
            //Get cultures that were published with the version = their update date is equal to the version's
            versions = versions.Where(x => x.UpdateDate == x.GetUpdateDate(culture));
        }

        //First item is our current item/state (cant rollback to ourselves)
        versions = versions.Skip(1);

        foreach (IContent version in versions)
        {
            var rollbackVersion = new RollbackVersion
            {
                VersionId = version.VersionId,
                VersionDate = version.UpdateDate,
                VersionAuthorId = version.WriterId
            };

            rollbackVersions.Add(rollbackVersion);

            writerIds.Add(version.WriterId);
        }

        var users = _userService
            .GetUsersById(writerIds.ToArray())
            .ToDictionary(x => x.Id, x => x.Name);

        foreach (RollbackVersion rollbackVersion in rollbackVersions)
        {
            if (users.TryGetValue(rollbackVersion.VersionAuthorId, out var userName))
            {
                rollbackVersion.VersionAuthorName = userName;
            }
        }

        return rollbackVersions;
    }

    [HttpGet]
    public ContentVariantDisplay? GetRollbackVersion(int versionId, string? culture = null)
    {
        IContent? version = _contentService.GetVersion(versionId);
        ContentItemDisplay? content = MapToDisplay(version);

        return culture == null
            ? content?.Variants
                ?.FirstOrDefault() //No culture set - so this is an invariant node - so just list me the first item in here
            : content?.Variants?.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Language?.IsoCode == culture);
    }

    [Authorize(Policy = AuthorizationPolicies.ContentPermissionRollbackById)]
    [HttpPost]
    public IActionResult PostRollbackContent(int contentId, int versionId, string? culture = null)
    {
        OperationResult rollbackResult = _contentService.Rollback(contentId, versionId, culture ?? "*", _backofficeSecurityAccessor.BackOfficeSecurity?.GetUserId().Result ?? -1);

        if (rollbackResult.Success)
        {
            return Ok();
        }

        switch (rollbackResult.Result)
        {
            case OperationResultType.Failed:
            case OperationResultType.FailedCannot:
            case OperationResultType.FailedExceptionThrown:
            case OperationResultType.NoOperation:
            default:
                return ValidationProblem(_localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "operationFailedHeader"));
            case OperationResultType.FailedCancelledByEvent:
                return ValidationProblem(
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "operationCancelledHeader"),
                    _localizedTextService.Localize("speechBubbles", "operationCancelledText"));
        }
    }
}